Cuprous chlorid sulfid

Copper Sulfide—Cadmium Sulfide. This thin-film solar cell was used in early aerospace experiments dating back to 1955. The Cu S band gap is ca 1.2 eV. Various methods of fabricating thin-film solar cells from Cu S/CdS materials exist. The most common method is based on a simple process of serially overcoating a metal substrate, eg, copper (16). The substrate first is coated with zinc which serves as an ohmic contact between the copper and a 30-p.m thick, vapor-deposited layer of polycrystaUine CdS. A layer is then formed on the CdS base by dipping the unit into hot cuprous chloride, followed by heat-treating it in air. A heterojunction then exists between the CdS and Cu S layers. 

One, the CLEAR process, was investigated by Duval Corporation near Tucson, Arizona (29). It involves leaching copper concentrated with a metal chloride solution, separation of the copper by electrolysis, and regeneration of the leach solution in a continuous process carried out in a closed system. Elemental sulfur is recovered. Not far from the Duval plant, Cypms Mines Corporation operated a process known as Cymet. Sulfide concentrates undergo a two-step chloride solution leaching and are crystallized to obtain cuprous chloride crystals. Elemental sulfur is removed during this stage of the process. 

Cuprous bromide/dimethyl sulfide (54678-23-8), 66, 51 Cuprous chloride-pyridine complex, 66, 182 [2 + 2] CYCLOADDmON, 65, 135... 

Ores of copper native copper, cuprite, chalcocite, chalcopyrite, malachite, azurite. Metallurgy of ores containing native copper, oxide and carbonate ores, sulfide ores. Gangue, flux, flotation, roasting of ores, matte, blister copper. Cupric compounds copper sulfate (blue vitriol, bluestone), Bordeaux mixture, cupric chloride, cupric bromide, cupric hydroxide. Test for cupric ion with Fehling s solution. Cuprous compounds cuprous chloride, cuprous bromide, cuprous iodide, cuprous oxide. Covalent-bond structure of cuprous compounds. 

Edmonds and Hill of Phillips Petroleum Co. reported that poly(phenylene sulfides) may be prepared by the reaction of p-dihalobenzene with sodium sulfide in N-methylpyrrolidone or dimethylformamide [118,119]. Copper metal or cuprous chloride was also shown by Edmonds and Hill to give improved yields [118]. Table XIII lists examples of various poly(phenylene sulfides) and the conditions used for their preparation. Philllips Petroleum Co. is now producing poly(phenylene sulfides) under the name R)don (trademark of Phillips Petroleum Co.) [98]. 

Dimethyl-l-butyn-l-ylphosphine sulfide added in one portion to 3-7-fold excess ethereal ethylmagnesium bromide, then at least 1 equivalent cuprous chloride added, refluxed 4-6 hrs., and treated with NH4Cl-soln. and water -> dimethyl-l-(2-ethylbutenyl)phosphine sulfide. Y 87%. F. e. s. A. M. Aguiar and J. R. Smiley Irelan, J. Org. Chem. 34, 4030 (1969). 

HydroCopper A process for leaching copper from sulfide ores, using dilute aqueous cupric chloride. The copper is precipitated from the leach solution by sodium hydroxide, and the precipitated cuprous oxide is reduced to the metal by hydrogen. An intergrated chlor-alkali cell provides the sodium hydroxide and hydrogen. Planned for demonstration in Finland in 2003. 

Dehydroprogesterone (1) was purchased from Sigma Chemical Company and used without further purification. Cuprous bromide-dimethyl sulfide complex was prepared according to House s procedure.2 Hexamethyl-phosphoramide, chlorotrimethylsilane, and triethylamine were purchased from Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., Japan and distilled from calcium hydride (CaH2>. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was distilled from sodium-benzophenone ketyl immediately prior to use. Methylene chloride was distilled from phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5). 

Copper is an essential element, being active in many enzymes and hemocyanin. Copper is an essential nutrient element to animals and plants. However, high Cu accumulation in animals and plants can be toxic. Copper is found in three oxidation states including cupric (+2), cuprous (+1), and elemental Cu (0). Cu+ and Cu + are the most important forms and are involved in oxidation-reduction reactions in soils and sediments (Figure 12.7). Cu+ and Cu + can exist in aqueous systems, although the latter is much more dominant. Copper is widely distributed in nature in its elemental state and in the form of sulfide, arsenite, chloride, and carbonates. The earth s crust on an average contains approximately 50 ppm copper. Soil and sediment contain approximately... 

Vinyl halides. The method of Normant et al. (6, 270) for preparation of vinylcopper compounds can be used to obtain vinyl halides. Reaction of 1 with iodine gives vinyl iodides directly, but this reaction when extended to Bf2 or CI2 gives mainly dimers. The desired vinyl chlorides and bromides canTte obtained with NCS or NBS in fair to good yields. The replacement occurs with retention of initial stereochemistry. The American group also stresses the importance of the purity of the copper salt and uses House s cuprous bromide complex with dimethyl sulfide (6, 270). 

Copper. Little work has been carried out on the mechanism of inhibition by anions of copper corrosion in neutral solutions. Inhibition occurs in solutions containing chromate, benzoate, or nitrite ions. Chloride and sulfide ions are aggressive, and there is some evidence that chloride ions can be taken up into the cuprous oxide film on copper to replace oxide ions and create cuprous ion vacancies that permit easier diffusion of cuprous ions through the film, thus increasing the corrosion rate. 

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