Cross-discipline

One reason it is easy to cross disciplines at Cornell is the existence of the Physical Sciences Library, with its broad coverage of chemistry and physics. I would like to thank Ellen Thomas and her staff for her contributions in that regard. Our drawings, a critical part of the way our research is presented, have been beautifully prepared over the years by Jane Jorgensen and Elisabeth Fields. I d like to thank Eleanor Stagg, Linda Kapitany, and Lorraine Seager for their typing and secretarial assistance. 

Accreditation is a term that should not be used for PM models. The same criticisms apply to accreditation as to qualification. In addition to the criticisms applied to model qualification, documentation is a further necessary step for model accreditation. Documentation includes verification, which includes assessing the conceptual models and verifying the computer model. The substitution of model accreditation for appropriateness across disciplines could lead to cross-discipline confusion. Therefore, model accreditation should not serve as a substitute for model appropriateness (5). 

The term model verification has two problems. First, model verification has been applied in other disciplines to mean that the computer program used to execute the model and its implementation are correct. Therefore, if applied to PM modeling, model verification would cause some cross-discipline confusion. Also, verification comes from the Latin veritas, which means truth to verify means to establish the truth, accuracy, or reality of something. Models are approximations to the truth or to the real systems that they describe and are not the truth, as would be implied by the term verification (5, 6). Therefore, verification is not synonymous with appropriateness. 

Modern trends in chemical engineering and chemistry are often successful when crossing discipline boundaries. 

The Biomineralization section begins with a summary of the current state of research on bone, dentin and enamel phosphates, a topic that crosses disciplines that include mineralogical, medical, and dental research. The following two chapters treat the stable isotope and trace element compositions of modern and fossil biogenic phosphates, with applications to paleontology, paleoclimatology, and paleoecology. 

Instill a belief that creative, innovative, cross-discipline collaboration is a US value-add. 

Team members should represent the various operations, technical disciplines, and contractor groups present in the facility or on the design team. The use of such team encourages the development of cross-discipline thinking and also helps address the Employee Participation requirements of the standard. 

Providing time to think Challenging conventional thinking Cross-discipline communication Education... 

To align the process architecture map at the V model to harmonize cross discipline processes. Communication takes place over clearly defined working structures. The integration of results happens at synchronization points. 

Transport and reaction will continue to be the core of chemical engineering in the twenty-first century, but research in chemical engineering must change in order to adapt to the economic demands and play an important role in the process of integration of cross disciplines (Li, 2008). The research of transport and reaction in mesoscale becomes the forefront of chemical engineering research in the twenty-first century, while the regulation of the structure of nanoscale materials to microstructure of molecules of the fluid and the effect of transport on the catalytic properties are the key... 

Rousseau, D.M., S.B. Sitkin, R.S. Burt and C. Camerer, 1998. Not so different after all A cross-discipline view of trust. Academy of Management Review 23, 393-404. 

Today chemistry is often combined with other sciences, such as geology and physics, to form cross-disciplines such as geochemistry and physical chemistry. Geochemistry is the study of the chemical composition of ores, soils, and minerals of the snrface of the Earth and other planets. Physical chemistry is the study of the physical nature of chemical systems, including energy changes. 

To deliver the VLUP, the VLU Project Team within the Victoria Line Programme was established. The VLU Projeet Team was responsible for managing all contracts entered into, to deliver the VLUP, for integration of the various subsystems that make up the upgrade and for various other cross-discipline functions. 

Cross-discipline collaboration and teamwork inadequate overspecialization in graduate school departments... 

This chapter provides a brief overview of several medical applications that polymers have made seminal contributions to over the years. Many of the polymers discussed here are initially developed as plastics, elastomers, and fibers for nonmedical industrial applications. They were borrowed by the smgeons post-World War II to address medical problems. Since then, they have led to the development of biomedical-specific materials. Currently, with the rapid growth in modem biology and the collaborative effort, cross-disciplines such as materials science, engineering, chemistry, biology, and medicine, polymeric biomaterials are now being fashioned into bioactive, biomimetic, and most importantly, with excellent biocompatibility. Examples of this newer generation of polymeric biomaterials are also included in this chapter. 

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been developed since the seventies of last century by the cross-discipline between fluid dynamics and numerical computation. It feathers the use of numerical method to solve the differential equation of fluid motion so as to obtain the velocity distribution (velocity held) and related how parameters. 

For instance, Acosta (2001) shared how, due to the work of the steering committee, a mental health team in a school routinely addressed student discipline problems with a school administrator. Out of such meetings, a discussion evolved naturally regarding how the school could work to prevent, rather than treat, such problems. Without the cross-discipline steering committee, the need for preventive services would not likely have registered with the administrator. 

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