Cradle cap

Seborrheic dermatitis typically occurs around the areas of skin rich in sebaceous follicles (e.g., the face, ears, scalp, and upper trunk). In infants with involvement ofthe scalp, the condition is commonly referred to as cradle cap. Diaper dermatitis results in erythematous patches, skin erosions, vesicles, and ulcerations. Although commonly seen in infants, it can occur in adults who wear diapers for incontinence. 

Cradle cap is a form of seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp affecting babies aged 1-3 months. The condition is not contagious and can be treated by rubbing baby oil into the scalp, leaving it overnight and shampooing afterwards. 

This chapter covers the common scalp conditions that pharmacists are likely to encounter dandruff (pityriasis capitis), seborrhoeic dermatitis, cradle cap, scalp psoriasis and scalp ringworm (tinea capitis). Head lice, another common scalp problem, is covered in Chapter 17. 

Seborrhoeic dermatitis is common in infants, when it is known as cradle cap (see below), relatively rare in children and occurs again from puberty, reaching its peak incidence between the ages of 18 and 40. 

Cradle cap is a form of seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp in infants, causing scaling and crusting. 

Supplements. Biotin is available in multivitamin and mnltivitamin/multimineral products as well as in single ingredient products. The major benefit of biotin as a dietary supplement is in strengthening hair and nails. Some skin disorders, such as cradle cap, improve with biotin supplements. Biotin has also been used to combat premature graying of hair, though it is likely to be useful only for those with a low biotin level. Biotin has been used for people in weight-loss programs to help them metabolize fat more efficiently. 

It is used to treat many skin diseases, i.e eczema, impetigo, acne, pruritus cradle cap, furthermore used to treat upper respiratory tract infections with fever. 

The gene nompA encodes a multi-domain extracellular protein that is expressed by support cells that cradle the mechanically sensitive neuron [9]. NompA is localized to the dendritic cap, which is covers the mechanically sensitive outer segment of the neuron. NompA is a good candidate for a protein that couples mechanically sensitive channels to external stimuli. 

Avoid dragging or sliding cylinders. Do not lift cylinders by the caps. Firmly secure the cylinder and move with a suitable hand truck, lift truck, or crane with a cradle or platform. 

Three construction case studies are detailed next, with EC values calculated for geotextile-based and alternative solutions. Calculation examples 1 and 2 compare EC for geosynthetic and alternative construction solutions for protection and working platform applications, respectively, using a 1 m plan area unit of materials for cradle-to-site LCA boundary conditions. The influence of haulage distance for mineral components on total EC values is also considered in calculation example 1. Example 3 compares EC for geosynthetic- and soil-based landfill-capping solutions. 

This example considers a geosynthetic and nongeosynthetic capping system for the cradle to end of construction LCA boundary. The calculations adopt the framework set out earlier in this chapter. For this example, a 1 hectare area is considered. The input values for the comparison are presented in Table 26.7. Raja et al. (2014) considered a similar calculation example and found the EC values in the ICE database (Hammond and Jones, 2011) for clay materials to overestimate the emissions therefore, a value of 0.0003 kg C02e/kg has been adopted for cover clay in this study. 

The calculated EC values for the landfill-capping example are presented in Table 26.8. The EC of the geosynthetic solution is significantly higher than that for the site won clay thus, a cradle-to-gate comparison would show the clay soil solution to be more sustainable. 

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