Cotton, Aime

From 1910 onward waste filament yam had been chopped into short lengths suitable for use on the machinery designed to process cotton and wool staples into spun yams. In the 1930s new plants were built specifically to supply the staple fiber markets. During World War II the production of staple matched that of filament, and by 1950, staple viscose was the most important product. The new spun-yam oudets spawned a series of viscose developments aimed at matching the characteristics of wool and cotton more closely. Viscose rayon was, after all, silk-like. Compared with wool it lacked bulk, residence, and abrasion resistance. Compared to cotton, it was weaker, tended to shrink and crease more easily, and had a rather lean, limp hand. 

Some 20 years ago, I was privileged to share in writing a book on the descriptive chemistry of the 4d, 5d, 4f and 5f metals that included these eight elements within its compass (S.A. Cotton and F.A. Hart, The Heavy Transition Elements, Macmillan, 1975). This volume shares the same aim of covering the descriptive chemistry of silver, gold and the six platinum metals in some detail at a level suitable for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate study. 

Laboratoire Aime Cotton, Centre de la Recherche Scientifique,... 

Schlottnan, B.U., Miller, U.K., II and Lueders, R.K. "Massive Hydraulic Fracture Design for the East Texas Cotton Valley Sands," SPE paper 10133, 1981 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition of AIME, San Antonio, October 5-7. 

One of the earliest fibre pretreatments for improving the dyeability of cotton is of course mercerisation (section 10.5.4). However, more recent research interest in this area has been generated by environmental concerns about reactive dyeing, aiming to enhance substantivity for the modified fibre so that higher absorption and fixation are obtained. This results in less dye (hydrolysed or still active) in the effluent. A further objective is to minimise the usage of electrolyte in the application process. This area has been thoroughly reviewed [392,393]. 

From 1924 to 1933, the editors of the Annales de Physique were Marcel Brillouin, Aime Cotton, and Jean Perrin and the editors of the Annales de Chimie were Charles Moureu, Georges Urbain, and Marcel Delepine. 

Laboratoire Aime Cotton du CNRS Universite de Paris-Sud Orsay, France... 

Quantitative Determination of the Different Fibres in Mixed Fabrics.—The aim of this determination is to ascertain the quantities of the various fibres constituting a fabric, e.g., the quantities of wool and cotton in a flannel, or the quantity of silk in a mixed fabric containing this fibre, etc. 

The inclusion of so many cotton pesticides under the Rotterdam Convention underlines the danger these chemicals pose to the world population. However, whilst the treaty aims to facilitate information exchange regarding the release of hazardous chemicals to provide each party with a decision-making process on their import and export and to ensure that chemicals are correctly labeled with information relating to potential health and environmental impacts the treaty does not exist to promote an end to the sale and use of those chemicals it considers dangerous. ... 

To date, 100,000 cotton farmers have graduated from IPM schools established under the scheme. However, IPM does not entirely remove the use - and therefore the negative impacts - of chemical pesticides. It is a laudable aim, but a half-way house towards pesticide-free cotton fields. 

Our goal here is to have you compare and contrast some synthetic and natural polymers, such as nylon and silk, cotton and polyesters, so we will focus largely on biopolymers that are fibrous in nature and which are used as structural materials in plants and animals. We also aim to illuminate the way nature has married structure to function in such a marvelous fashion. Hopefully you will emerge... 

We gratefully acknowledge the joint effort of our Topical Editors Miriam Blaauboer, Maciej Krzystyniak, Tomas Opatrny, David Petrosyan and Jane Salo, the financial support of our sponsors NATO and EC (through the Research Training Network on Quantum Complex Systems, "QUACS") and the technical support of Laboratoire Aime Cotton, Orsay, France. 

Laboratoire Aime Cotton, Bat. 505, Campus d Orsay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France <2... 

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