Corticotropin Releasing Hormon

SRIF acts as an excitatory neuromodulator in the CNS inhibiting the release of TRH, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), growth hormone releasing factor (GHRH), and NE. It produces general arousal and hypotension. It inhibits the release of a number of peptides and modulators in the GI tract. 

CRH (Corticotropin releasing hormone) is expressed in the nucleus paraventricularis of the hypothalamus and drives the stress hormone system by activating synthesis and release of corticotropin at the pituitary and in turn corticosteroid from the adrenal cortex. CRH is also expressed at many other brain locations not involved in neuroendocrine regulation, e.g. the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala. Preclinical studies have shown that CRH also coordinates the behavioral adaptation to stress (e.g. anxiety, loss of appetite, decreased sleepiness, autonomic changes, loss of libido). 

The paraventricular nucleus in the hypothalamus is located adjacent to the third ventricle and has been identified as a satiety center. Neurons in the paraventricular nucleus produce neuropeptides which inhibit feeding when injected into the brain (thyrotropinreleasing hormone (TRH), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), oxytocin). 

Neurotransmitter Transporters Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Neurotrophic Factors Corticotropin Releasing Hormone CRH... 

Chorionic gonadotropin, human Corticotropin-releasing hormone Follicle-stimulating hormone Glucagon Lipotropin... 

Several neuropeptides are under current investigation for their role in anxiety disorders. Important neuropeptides include neuropeptide Y (NPY), substance P, and cholecystokinin. NPY appears to have a role in reducing the effect of stress hormones and inhibiting activity of the LC. Both mechanisms may contribute to the anxiolytic properties seen experimentally. Substance P may have anxiolytic and antidepressant properties. This may be due in part to its effects on corticotropin-releasing hormone.21... 

Adrenal hormone production is controlled by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is secreted by the hypothalamus and stimulates secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), also known as corticotropin from the anterior pituitary. ACTH, in turn, stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol. When sufficient or excessive cortisol levels are reached, a negative feedback is exerted on the secretion of CRH and ACTH, thereby decreasing overall cortisol production. The control of adrenal androgen synthesis also follows a similar negative-feedback mechanism. 

ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone or corticotropin CRH, corticotropin-releasing hormone CT, computed tomography MRI, magnetic resonance imaging 0, none +, mild ++, moderate +++, pronounced. 

Corticotropin-releasing hormone A hormone released by the hypothalamus that stimulates release of adrenocorticotropic hormone by the anterior pituitary gland. 

B3. Barbarion, A., de Marinis, L Tofani, A., Casa, S. D D Amico, C., Mancini, A., Corsello, S. M Sciuto, R, and Barini, A., Corticotropin-releasing hormone inhibition of gonadotropin release and the effect of opioid blockade. J. Clin. Endocrinol, Metab. 68,523-528 (1989). 

Olster, D. H., and Ferin, M Corticotropin-releasing hormone inhibits gonadotropin secretion in the ovariectomized rhesus monkey. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 65,261-267 (1987). 

R5. Reincke, M Allolio, B., Wurth, G and Winkelmann, W., The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in critical illness Response to dexamethasone and corticotropin releasing hormone. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 77,151-156 (1993). 

Wong ML, Kling MA, Munson PJ, Listwak S, Licinio J, Prolo P et al. Pronounced and sustained central hypernor-adrenergic function in major depression with melancholic features relation to hy-percortisolism and corticotropin-releasing hormone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000 97 325-330. 

Zobel AW, Nickel T, Kunzel HE, Ackl N, Sonntag A, Ising M et al. Effects of the high-affinity corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 antagonist R121919 in major depression the first 20 patients treated. J Psychiatr Res 2000 34 171-181. 

CRH corticotropin releasing hormone GHRH growth hormone releasing hormone GnRH gonadotropin releasing hormone Somatostatin... 

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