Corticotropin hormone

ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone or corticotropin) Hormone produced in the anterior pimitary, which stimulates adrenal production of cortisol. 

Scorticati et al., 2003, 2004), and increases in adreno-corticotropin hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone release in rats (Weidenfeld et al., 1994 Manzanares et al., 1999). Cannabinoids such as THC and anandamide bind to dense populations of caimabinoid CBi receptors in the brain and, notably, the hypothalamus (Herkenham et al., 1991). Autoradiography studies have demonstrated the presence of CBj receptors in several hypothalamic nuclei involved in neuroendocrine modulation, including the medial preoptic area and the paraventricular nuclei (PVN), predominant sites of GnRH and CRH neuronal cell bodies, respectively (Femandez-Ruiz et al., 1997). 

SRIF acts as an excitatory neuromodulator in the CNS inhibiting the release of TRH, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), growth hormone releasing factor (GHRH), and NE. It produces general arousal and hypotension. It inhibits the release of a number of peptides and modulators in the GI tract. 

CRH (Corticotropin releasing hormone) is expressed in the nucleus paraventricularis of the hypothalamus and drives the stress hormone system by activating synthesis and release of corticotropin at the pituitary and in turn corticosteroid from the adrenal cortex. CRH is also expressed at many other brain locations not involved in neuroendocrine regulation, e.g. the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala. Preclinical studies have shown that CRH also coordinates the behavioral adaptation to stress (e.g. anxiety, loss of appetite, decreased sleepiness, autonomic changes, loss of libido). 

The paraventricular nucleus in the hypothalamus is located adjacent to the third ventricle and has been identified as a satiety center. Neurons in the paraventricular nucleus produce neuropeptides which inhibit feeding when injected into the brain (thyrotropinreleasing hormone (TRH), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), oxytocin). 

Neurotransmitter Transporters Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Neurotrophic Factors Corticotropin Releasing Hormone CRH... 

Corticotropin (ACTH) is an anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce and secrete adrenocortical hormones, primarily the glucocorticoids. 

Chorionic gonadotropin, human Corticotropin-releasing hormone Follicle-stimulating hormone Glucagon Lipotropin... 

Figure 42-15. Products of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMQ cleavage. (MSH, melanocyte-stimulating hormone CLIP, corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide LPH, lipotropin.)...

Several neuropeptides are under current investigation for their role in anxiety disorders. Important neuropeptides include neuropeptide Y (NPY), substance P, and cholecystokinin. NPY appears to have a role in reducing the effect of stress hormones and inhibiting activity of the LC. Both mechanisms may contribute to the anxiolytic properties seen experimentally. Substance P may have anxiolytic and antidepressant properties. This may be due in part to its effects on corticotropin-releasing hormone.21... 

Adrenal hormone production is controlled by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is secreted by the hypothalamus and stimulates secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), also known as corticotropin from the anterior pituitary. ACTH, in turn, stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol. When sufficient or excessive cortisol levels are reached, a negative feedback is exerted on the secretion of CRH and ACTH, thereby decreasing overall cortisol production. The control of adrenal androgen synthesis also follows a similar negative-feedback mechanism. 

ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone or corticotropin FDA, Food and Drug Administration HPA, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal IV, intravenously. aThe 250 meg dose has also been administered intramuscularly in an outpatient setting. The 1 meg dose is not FDA-approved. 

ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone or corticotropin CRH, corticotropinreleasing hormone. 

ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone or corticotropin CRH, corticotropin-releasing hormone CT, computed tomography MRI, magnetic resonance imaging 0, none +, mild ++, moderate +++, pronounced. 

Corticotropin [adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)] has been used for acute gouty flares. Worldwide supply problems and the possible superiority of traditional corticosteroids have resulted in decreased use. 

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