Copper wire tables

Copper wires/cables refer to Table 13.15 for current... 

Conductor or wire sizes are expressed in terms of the American Wire Gage (AWC) system. In this system, the ratio of any wire diameter to the next smaller gage or diameter is 1.123. The AWC sizes range from 40 to 0000. Table 2-37 lists the AWG number, wire dimension, and resistance for solid copper wire. Wires larger than 0000 (as well as smaller wires) are stranded to maintain flexibility. 

Find the mass of the key, together with its copper wire handle, to the nearest 0.001 g. Record the mass of this cathode assembly in Data Table 1. 

Table 6.29 Comparison of Transmission Characteristics for Copper Wire and Optical Fiber...

Table 6.40 Temperature class rating of copper wiring (referring to an ambient temperature of +40°C), according to EN 50020 and IEC 60079-11...

The main function of metal deactivators (MD) is to retard efficiently metal-catalyzed oxidation of polymers. Polymer contact with metals occur widely, for example, when certain fillers, reinforcements, and pigments are added to polymers, and, more importantly when polymers, such as polyolefins and PVC, are used as insulation materials for copper wires and power cables (copper is a pro-oxidant since it accelerates the decomposition of hydroperoxides to free radicals, which initiate polymer oxidation). The deactivators are normally poly functional chelating compounds with ligands containing atoms like N, O, S, and P (e.g., see Table 1, AOs 33 and 34) that can chelate with metals and decrease their catalytic activity. Depending on their chemical structures, many metal deactivators also function by other antioxidant mechanisms, e.g., AO 33 contains the hindered phenol moiety and would also function as CB-D antioxidants. 

Tinned copper wire was used in the example given in Table 4. 

Table 1. Properties of wire enamels coated on copper wire ...

The water based poly(ester-imide) wire enamel from Table 3 has the same resin composition as the cresol free solvent based resin 2. It can be seen that the mechanical and thermal properties of the water based varnish are inferior to the noncresylic product. It was also found that minor amounts of drawing agent residues from copper wire manufacturing were highly detrimental to the surface quality of the enameled wires. 

By contrast, the ECP must have conjugated rigid-rod macromolecules. Several such polymers show high electrical conductivity (usually after doping), viz. polyacetylene (PAc), polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), polyparaphenylenes (PPP), or poly-3-octyl thiophene (POT). The resins are expensive, difficult to process, brittle and affected by ambient moisture, thus blending is desirable. For uniaxially stretched fibers the percolation threshold is 1.8 vol%, hence low concentration of ECP (usually 5-6 vol%) provides sufficient phase co-continuity to ascertain conductivity similar to that of copper wires (see Table 1.79). 

The values are for copper wire. For aluminum wire the allowable carrying capacities shall be taken as 84% of those given in the table for the respective sizes of copper wire with the same kind of covering. 

A very important observation was recently made by Rurnbcl ( 2]. This is the incorporation of fine metal wires into a propellant, which increase the rate of burning as recorded originally in PVC plastisol propellants 12] but seems to be now a general practice in composite propellants. Metal wires are introduced into the composition before cure. Wlien the propellant is burned the wires extend from the unburned propellants into the flame zone. They provide paths for rapid heat transfer and thus burning along the wire is faster than outside the wire. Particularly efficient are silver and copper wire, as described by Rurnbcl - for PVC plastisol propellants (Table 125). 

Make a loop about 2 mm in diameter at one end of a piece of copper wire that has been polished with emery cloth. Grasp the other end of the wire with crucible tongs, and heat the wire loop in the tip of a cool, luminous Bunsen burner flame (Laboratory Methods D). Remove the wire from the flame. Describe what you observe in TABLE 35.IB. 

Finally, the researchers considered the PO s contact with copper wire over a cable s 50-year lifetime, and how this contact can contribute to "metal catalyzed thermal failures " Although the real-world tendency of a cable to oxidize over the long term is difflcult to measure in testing, these research ers evaluations showed that phenolic AOs, combined with a metal deactivator or chelator (see Table 3.1, for example), are effective in providing long oxidative Induction times at high temperatures. 

Collect information on the American Wire Gi e (AWG) standards. Create a table for annealed copper wires showing the gage number, diameter in mils, CFoss-secrional area, and resistance per 1000 ft. 

Reference tables list resistivity and conductivity of various materials. Equation (12-2) shows that resistivity and conductivity are reciprocals, with conductivity the more commonly used property. Table 12-1 gives resistivity for selected American wire gauge copper wire sizes. 

TABLE 12-1 Electrical Resistivity of Selected Copper Wire... 

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