Copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl

Polyesters synthesized from terephthaloyl chloride and isohexides were prepared, and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, n.m.r. spectroscopy, and viscosity measurement.25,128 Another polyester, prepared by copolymerization of (2-hydroxyethyl)methacrylate with isoman-nide dimethacrylate (172), forms a hydrogel when allowed to swell in isotonic sodium chloride solution. This gel has useful properties for manufacturing contact-lens material.265... 

Fang, Y, Shi, T., Wang, W. et al. 1989. Kinetics of radiation-induced graft copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate onto polyethylene membranes. J Appl Polym Sci. 38 821-828. 

The use of polymeric carriers as immobilizing media has been described. Spherical macroporous reactive carriers capable of forming covalent bonds with amino-acids and proteins have been prepared by suspension copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, ethylene dimethaciylate, and 4-nitrophenyl esters of methacrylic acid, and by suspension copolymerization of methacryloyl derivatives of glycine, /3-alanine, and 6-aminohexanoic acid. The carriers were reported to be suitable for enzyme immobilization. 

He C, Wang M, Cai X, Huang X, Li L, Zhu H, et al. Chemically induced graft copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate onto polyurethane surface for improving blood compatibility. Appl Surf Sci 2011 258(2) 755-60. 

Pujari, N.S., Vishwakarma, A.R., Pathak, T.S., Mule, S.A., and Ponrathnam, S. (2004) Frontal copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate without porogen comparison with suspension polymerization. Polym. Int., 53, 2045-2050. 

Graft copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate onto PVP using di-5 ec-butyl peroxydicarbonate as initiator [117]. 

Steinhauer, W., Hoogenboom, R., Keul, H. and Moeller, M. (2010) Copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and 2-methoxyethyl acrylate via RAFT Kinetics and thermoresponsive properties, Macromolecules, 43,7041-7047, doi 10.1021/ mal01122b. 

Hoogenboom, R., Popescus, D., Steinhauer, W. et al. (2009b) Nitroxide-mediated copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate Copolymerization kinetics and thermoresponsive properties. Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 30,2042-2048. 

The properties of Streptomyces phaeochromogenes cells immobilized by copolymerization with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate gels have been reported. The radiation-induced polymerization was performed at low... 

Microwave irradiation has been applied to free-radical polymerization and copolymerization reactions of various unsaturated monomers. In the 1980s, the bulk polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), which is a polar spe-des that bears ester as well as alcohol functions capable of interacting and absorbing microwaves, was investigated. Thus, the reactions were carried out without any radical initiator, and the liquid monomer polymerized to form a solid material that was insoluble in all the common solvents ... 

In this study, dynamic and equilibrium swelling behavior were studied for copolymers and terpolymers of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) containing carboxylic acid pendant groups, as a function of pH of the swelling medium. HEMA is a nonpolar monomer which gives mechanical strength to these copolymeric networks. 

Jin, X., Shen, Y, Zhu, S. Atom transfer radical block copolymerization of 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. Macromol. Mater. Eng. 288(12), 925-935 (2003)... 

The effect of hydrophobicity of the polymer on the permeability of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-co-methacrylic acid (MAAc) hydrogels was studied [12], The hydrophobicity was controlled by copolymerization with butyl methacrylate (BMA). The dependence of permeability on pH increased as the hydrophobicity increased even though the rate of diffusion decreased. Cross-link density of the hydrogel also contributed to pH-dependent permeability. 

Thiol end-functionalized poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-g-ethylene glycol) graft copolymers were synthesized by ATRP copolymerization of... 

For example, a proline-based chiral ligand was attached to a vinyl-substituted monomer (Fig. 42.15) by reacting vinylbenzoyl chloride with the amine functionality of the ligand [106]. As mentioned previously, the apolar Merrifield resin as a support is not swollen in polar solvents. Hence, in order to match the polarity of the resin with that of the typically used substrates in enantioselective hydrogenation, the functionalized monomer was copolymerized with polar units of methacrylic acid 2-hydroxyethyl ester. 

This technology was extended to the preparation of chiral capillary columns [ 138 -141 ]. For example, enantioselective columns were prepared using a simple copolymerization of mixtures of O-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethylcarbamoyl]-10,11-dihydro quinidine, ethylene dimethacrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate in the presence of mixture of cyclohexanol and 1-dodecanol as porogenic solvents. The porous properties of the monolithic columns can easily be controlled through changes in the composition of this binary solvent. Very high column efficiencies of 250,000 plates/m and good selectivities were achieved for the separations of numerous enantiomers [140]. 

In contrast, monolithic materials are easily amenable to any format. This has been demonstrated by using short monolithic rods prepared by copolymerization of divinylbenzene and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate in the presence of specifically selected porogens [93]. Table 2 compares recoveries of substituted phenols from both the copolymer and poly(divinylbenzene) cartridges and clearly confirms the positive effect of the polar comonomer. 

Biodegradable amphiphilic networks have been synthesized by free radical copolymerization of PCL or PD,L-LA dimacromonomers with a hydrophilic comonomer, i.e., 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) [45, 46, 114]. Well-defined a,cD-methacryloyl PCL and PD,L-LA oligomers were synthesized by the living ROP of the parent monomers initiated by diethyl alimiinum 2-hydroxyethyl-... 

The chain transfer reaction played an important role, particularly because of abstraction of the active hydrogen at a-carbon from the allyl group. Moreover, unreacted double bonds were present in the copolymer obtained. The influence of chain transfer reaction could be diminished by applying multimonomers which do not contain allyl groups. This was shown in the example of copolymerization of multimethacrylate prepared by esterification of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) with methacryloyl chloride. Copolymerization of the multimethacrylate with vinyl monomers such as styrene or acrylonitrile can be represented by the reaction ... 

Monomers like iron (III) methacrylate [CH2=C(CH3)-COO] 3Fe and tributyltin methacrylate have been synthesized [3]. They undergo free radical polymeriz-ation/copolymerization with other acrylates such as cyclohexyl, 2-ethoxyethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl and 2-hydroxypropyl. Synthesis of a metailo-macrocyclic acrylic monomer is illustrated by the reaction between a metallophthalocyanine tetracarbonyl chloride (1) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA) [4]... 

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