Conversion factors formulas

Quantity Unit name Symbol Units and Conversion Factors Formula... 

Exact numbers, such as the stoichiometric coefficients in a chemical formula or reaction, and unit conversion factors, have an infinite number of significant figures. A mole of CaCb, for example, contains exactly two moles of chloride and one mole of calcium. In the equality... 

The Excel spreadsheet is constructed so that on page one, the referenced properties are listed in Column C, and the same with conversion factors to SI units in Column D. Conversion formulas and values calculated in SI Units are in Column E. Column F is a duplicate of Column E, and this can be used for additional calculation by changing to other conditions or to an entirely new case. It is recommended toleave Column E alone for a comparison case and to copy Column F to another page to execute calculations. 

Formulas, Molecular and Equivalent Weights, and Conversion Factors to CaCO, of Substances Frequently Appearing in the Chemistry of Water Softening... 

C03-0042. Diagram the process for converting from the mass of a compound of a known chemical formula to the number of atoms of one of its constituent elements. Include all necessary equations and conversion factors. 

Ans. There are 6.02 X 10 i atoms in 1.00 mol Na (Avogadro s number). There is 23.0 g of Na in LOO mol Na (equal to the atomic weight in grams). This problem requires use of two of the most important conversion factors involving moles. Note which one is used with masses and which one is used with numbers of atoms (or molecules of formula units). With numbers of atoms, molecules, or formula units, use Avogadro s number with mass or weight use the formula weight. 

Note Because there is a constant conversion factor between grams and pounds, we can work totally in pounds. Since the formula weights are CuFeS2 (183.5 g/mol), Cu2S (159.2 g/mol) and Cu (63.55 g/mol), we have... 

For subcutaneous infusion, treprostinil is delivered without further dilution at a calculated subcutaneous infusion rate (mL/h) based on a patient s dose (ng/kg/min), weight (kg), and the vial strength (mg/mL) of treprostinil being used. The subcutaneous infusion rate is calculated using the following formula (conversion factor of 0.00006 = 60 min/h x 0.000001 mg/ng) ... 

Again, conversion factors are the way to approach these kinds of problems. Each problem features a certain volume of solution that contains a certain solute at a certain concentration. To begin each problem, convert your volume into liters — part (c) has already done this for you. Then rearrange the molarity formula to solve for moles ... 

Preservative Molecular formula and weight Added form Molecular formula and weight Conversion factors ... 

In effect, molar mass acts as a conversion factor between numbers of molecules and mass. If you know the mass of a sample, you can calculate how many molecules you have if you know how many molecules you have, you can calculate their total mass. Note, though, that it s always necessary when using a molar mass to specify the formula of the substance you re talking about. For example, 1 mol of hydrogen atoms, H, has a molar mass of 1.0 g/mol, but 1 mol of hydrogen molecules, H2, has a molar mass of 2.0 g/mol. 

The problem gives the number of moles of NaHC03 and asks for a mole-to-mass conversion. First, calculate the formula mass and molar mass of NaHC03. Then use molar mass as a conversion factor, and set up an equation so that the unwanted unit cancels. 

For work in the laboratory, it s necessary to weigh reactants rather than just know numbers of moles. Thus, it s necessary to convert between numbers of moles and numbers of grams by using molar mass as the conversion factor. The molar mass of any substance is the amount in grams numerically equal to the substance s molecular or formula mass. Carrying out chemical calculations using these relationships is called stoichiometry. 

Combining this with the above formulae gives the following conversion factor, when the photon energy is in electron volts, and wavelength in nanometres ... 

Conversion factors for global warming potential (GWP) are expressed in terms of C02 equivalency (kg C02 equivalent), as given in Table 4. Using GWP values, emissions to the air of various substances can be converted to an equivalent C02 global-warming effect by means of the following formula ... 

Stoichiometry is the series of calculations on the basis of formulas and chemical equations and will be covered in Chapter 4. The use of conversion factors is common even when the relative proportions are not fixed by a chemical formula. Consider a silver alloy used for jewelry production. (Alloys are mixtures of metals and, as mixtures, may be produced in differing ratios of the metals.) A particular alloy contains 86 percent silver. Factors based on this composition, such as... 

The formula ZnS shows that 1 mole of ZnS contains 1 mole Zn, providing us with the conversion factor... 

The formula is converted into dimensionless units by defining a dimensionless distance based on a characteristic spacing for each compound. It is noted that the closest interionic distance can be specified as the sum of two ionic radii, d = r + r+. Using the well established anionic radii for halide and chalconide ions [75], a conversion factor R = /r 1 r is calculated in each case, and used to define the dimensionless distance d = d/R, such that the Madelung energy,... 

Biovolumes of individual cells were calculated from linear dimensions of measured cells applied to appropriate stereometric formulae (Smayda 1978). Carbon conversion factors established by Menden-Deuer and Lessard (2000) were used to... 

The various options and search criteria are clearly listed in several introductory front pages and they are discussed in a general information section, where also other special features of the database are reviewed. In addition, this section includes a short compendium on atomic spectroscopy, which contains the basic physics, formulas and conversion factors in atomic spectroscopy, as well as a discussion of spectroscopic notations. 

We can use Avogadro s number as a conversion factor to convert moles to numbers of formula units, and vice versa. We can use the molar mass to convert moles to masses, and vice versa (Figure 7.1). 

The mole is defined as the number of atoms in exactly 12 g of which is 6.02 X 10 —Avogadro s number. Equal numbers of moles of two (or more) different substances have the same number of formula units but not the same mass. The molar mass is the mass in grams of one mole of a substance. The number of grams per mole—the molar mass— is a frequently used conversion factor, used for converting between grams and moles. (Section 7.3)... 

What conversion factor is used to convert a number of moles of a substance to (a) the number of grams of the substance (b) the number of formula units of the substance ... 

The number of moles of an element in a mole of componnd can also be used to calculate the number of moles of the compound involved in a reaction. The ratio of the number of moles of an element within a compound to the number of moles of the compound is determined by the compound s chemical formula (Section 7.3). Thns, the snbscripts of the formula may be used to form conversion factors. 

The graphs are arranged by carbon number and chemical formula to provide ease of use. English units are used for the property values. For those involved in SI and metric usage, each graph displays a conversion factor to provide the SI and metric units. 

Let s say that you want to find an empirical formula from the percentage composition. First, convert the mass percentage of each element to grams. Second, convert from grams to moles using the molar mass of each element as a conversion factor. (Keep in mind that a formula for a compound can be read as a number of atoms or as a number of moles.) Third, as shown in Sample Problem C, compare these amounts in moles to find the simplest whole-number ratio among the elements in the compound. 

What conversion factor do you use in converting number of moles into number of formula units ... 

---