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Filler conventional

Conventionally fillers are divided into reinforcing, active, and inert ones. The reinforcing class includes mainly fibrous materials. Disperse fillers may also perform the reinforcing function, and then they are called active. For the criterion of activity of a filler it has been proposed to employ, for example, the extent of variation of the relative viscosity of the melt or solution caused by introduction of a filler [23] — the greater the variation the better the affinity between the polymer and the filler. [Pg.4]

Owing to the above reasons, some biopolymers have been used directly or after modification, to replace the conventional fillers leading to partial biodegradation. A number of studies have been carried out with an aim to maximize the proportion of renewable resources used while retaining acceptable material properties. [Pg.121]

Overall the results led to the conclusion that acetylated nanoparticles of both starch and cellulose offer potential eco-friendly substitutes for the conventional filler carbon black upto 40 phr. They imparted high mechanical strength and elasticity with minimum compromise in themal stability and moisture absorption of the resulting bionanocomposites. Cellulose acetate nanoparticles afforded effective reinforcement even upto loadings as high as 50 phr. [Pg.129]

Thorough study of nanocomposites has revealed clearly that nanoclays can provide certain advantages in properties in comparison to their conventional filler counterparts. Properties which have been shown to undergo substantial improvements include ... [Pg.33]

This behavior can be explained with the help of the classical rheological theory of suspension of conventional filler reinforced systems. According to this theory [32], rotation of the filler is possible when the volume fraction of clay 4>fflier < 4 critical — (aspect ratiop1. All PBSNCs studied here follow this relation except PBSNC4 (MMT = 3.6 wt%), in which 4)mier (aspect ratio) 1. For this reason, in... [Pg.283]

Lignosulfonates have recently been tried as a filler for rubber but are slightly less efficient than carbon black, the cheap conventional filler with which it must compete. However, it is conceivable that lignin could increase the stability of rubber to ozone, the natural reagent which causes vulcanized rubber to "perish. ... [Pg.149]

In the literature, there are several reports that examine the role of conventional fillers like carbon black on the autohesive tack (uncured adhesion between a similar pair of elastomers) [225]. It has been shown that the incorporation of carbon black at very high concentration (>30 phr) can increase the autohesive tack of natural and butyl rubber [225]. Very recently, for the first time, Kumar et al. [164] reported the effect of NA nanoclay (at relatively very low concentration) on the autohesive tack of BIMS rubber by a 180° peel test. XRD and AFM show intercalated morphology of nanoclay in the BIMS rubber matrix. However, the autohesive tack strength dramatically increases with nanoclay concentration up to 8 phr, beyond which it apparently reaches a plateau at 16 phr of nanoclay concentration (see Fig. 36). For example, the tack strength of 16 phr of nanoclay-loaded sample is nearly 158% higher than the tack strength of neat BIMS rubber. The force versus, distance curves from the peel tests for selected samples are shown in Fig. 37. [Pg.60]

Filler, in general, can be defined as finely divided particles that are often used to enhance the performance and various desirable properties of the host matrix, depending on a typical application. A great deal of research endeavors have been dedicated to the development and the use of different fillers with a dimension at the nanometer level. In rubber technology the term nano is not unfamiliar to a rubber specialist. Since the start of the twentieth century, carbon black and silica have been utilized as effective reinforcing agents in various rubber formulations for a variety of applications. The primary particle sizes of these fillers remain in the nanometer range. However, with these conventional fillers the dispersion toward individual... [Pg.86]

Thus, a large volume of the media participates in solids removal as opposed to just surface filtration in a conventional filler. This is referred to as deep bed" filtration. [Pg.187]

Elastomers require, in most applications, to be reinforced by fillers in order to improve their mechanical properties. Carbon black and silica have been used for a long time in the rubber industry to prepare composites with greatly improved properties such as strength, stiffness and wear resistance. These conventional fillers must be used at high loading levels to impart to the material the desired properties (1). The state of filler dispersion and orientation... [Pg.345]

We have investigated the recovered glassfiber-resin powder for its properties as a filler for epoxy resin compounds which are used as paints or adhesives, and compared it to conventional fillers, such as talc and calcium carbonate. The epoxy resin compound, composed of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (50.0wt%), aliphatic polyamine type hardener (18.0wt%) and filler (32.0%), was prepared. Strength and thermal expansion properties were measured for the molded epoxy resin compound cured 23°C for 7 days. Viscosity was measured for the epoxy resin compound before adding the hardener. Adhesive strength was measured by tearing two ferric boards bonded with the epoxy resin compound which was composed of bisphenol A type epoxy resin (49.2wt%), polyaminoamide type hardener (18.0wt %), and filler (32.8wt%), and was cured at 23°C for 7 days. [Pg.94]

The conventional filler, Raysorb T-4000, is a commercial unreactive particulate glass that is widely used in conventional composite resins, and was also incorporated either untreated or silanated. In all cases, discs of material of dimensions 13 mm diameter X 1mm thickness were prepared and cured from each side with a conventional dental curing lamp through a glass microscope slide for 40 s. They were stored in water for 24 h, after which they were tested for net water uptake and biaxial flexure strength [23]. Results are shown in Table 4.4. [Pg.74]

The ultimate extreme is to replace the standard FR completely and simply rely on the flame-retarding properties of cheaper conventional fillers. This might be possible for some applications for example, high levels of CaCOs reportedly can reduce the rate of heat release and suppress smoke. However, overall, common inert fillers simply do not supply nearly the same degree of flamesuppressing effects as ATH and MDH decomposition [5-28],... [Pg.78]

The next section will focus on relatively conventional fillers composed generally of particles above 1pm. Section 7.3 will focus on nanofillers composed of sub-micron size particles many of these materials are only just emerging into the commercial arena. Section 7.4 will cover impact-modifying materials added to POs during compounding. Section 7.5 will focus on fiber reinforcements and fillers whose particles length is much longer than their diameter or width. [Pg.102]

The trend is to micronized types (nanocomposites) with high aspect ratios up to 1,000. With a degree of filling of 5 % of these materials, the obtainable properties resemble those obtained with a 30 % degree of filling with conventional fillers, for example nanoclays. The challenge is to distribute the nanoparticles in the plastic matrix uniformly, finely, opened up and with a skeletonizing effect. [Pg.134]

Small amounts of nanofillers (3-5 wt%) are enough to promote the polymer properties as compared to conventional filler (30-40 wt%) ... [Pg.438]

Nanocomposite technology using small amounts of silicate layers can lead to improved properties of thermoplastic elastomers with or without conventional fillers such as carbon black, talc, etc. Mallick et al. [305] investigated the effect of EPR-g-M A, nanoclay and a combination of the two on phase morphology and the properties of (70/30w/w) nylon 6/EPR blends prepared by the melt-processing technique. They found that the number average domain diameter (Dn) of the dispersed EPR phase in the blend decreased in the presence of EPR-g-MA and clay. This observation indicated that nanoclay could be used as an effective compatibilizer in nylon 6/EPR blend. X-ray diffraction study and TEM analysis of the blend/clay nanocomposites revealed the delaminated clay morphology and preferential location of the exfoliated clay platelets in nylon 6 phase. [Pg.105]

Analysis of rubber filled with conventional filler and an in situ filled siloxane sample displayed three levels of structure in the size-range observed [51]. In another study, growth mechanism and structures of siloxane composites containing silica, and silica-titania were studied by Breiner et al. using SAXS. Both systems were found to yield dense particles. [Pg.554]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.25 ]




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