Computer program flow diagram

Laboratory applications of the computer, as evidenced by this symposium, are concentrating more on the result, and less on the hardware required to accomplish that result. A few years ago, a symposium of this type would have concentrated on the automated collection and analysis of data from laboratory instrumentation. Each paper would read like a chapter from "Tom Swift and His Electric Lab Whiz" and would dwell on the details of circuit diagrams and program flow charts. These papers were presented by... 

The next thing that is needed is a program that keeps track of all the process and utility streams, and determines the order in which the individual equipment calculations will be performed. This is sometimes referred to as the executive program. The user of this system has merely to put into computer language the flow diagram, which identifies the units (areas of heat exchangers, number of trays in a distillation column) and their interrelations, and to list the operating characteristics of each unit (the pressures, temperatures, exit compositions), the input variables to the plant... 

The definition of program scheme is "recursive" or "computable" in the sense that we can decide whether a given flow diagram (finite of course) meets this definition. Conditions 1 and 3a and b are clearly verifiable by inspection of the diagram. Since accessibility is decidable for finite state graphs, we can determine whether a given statement lies on a path from START and so verify condition 2. 

The complete program is illustrated by the flow diagram in Figure 12.1. The accuracy of the computer fit of the TG curve was 0.2 mg, while the limit of accuracy for reading a weight value was 0.1 mg. 

Figure 13.1 shows a schematic diagram of the components of a steady state reactor. A corresponding TS flow reactor will contain those same items, each under the control of a computer program. 

Figure 8.19 Flow diagram for a simplex optimisation computer program. 

Figure 5. Flow diagram of computer program for flocculation model...

Input-output devices planned for the prototype include a cathode-ray-tube display unit and an operator s console typewriter. Machine subroutines or separate special-purpose hardware to handle the decimal-to-binary conversion upon input and binary-to-decimal at output are discussed with the subroutines getting the nod for the IAS-type machine on the basis that it is intended for problems with a large ratio of compute to input-output time. The second of these historic reports introduces the programming concepts of flow diagrams, storage tables, coding, subroutines, and loaders, and illustrates their application with examples such as decimal-binary and binary-decimal conversion, double-precision arithmetic, and sorting problems. 

Since we had concluded that both program types yere desirable, we wondered if the same reaction data base could serve for both computer approachest as the flow diagram of Figure 1 suggests We therefore embarked upon a feasibility study to test this dual use concept ... 

The probabilities of failure for these two limit states were calculated using a level 3 Monte Carlo simulation and the level 2 algorithms of Rackwitz and Horne and Price. The flow diagram for the computer program for the Monte Carlo simulation is shown in Fig. 5.9. Various types of probability distribution were used. The level 2 algorithms were used only with normal distributions for the basic variables. The data for the level 2 algorithms and the Monte Carlo simulations using normal distributions only are shown in Table 5.1. In order to estimate... 

The computer program of the STA 780 only processes separately sampled DTA data. Nevertheless the plot of heat flow versus temperature is virtually the same as the diagram produced using DSC (Fig. 4-213). Here again the LTO region exhibits only one peak, the... 

The time critical part of this analysis is the segment averaging in the frequency domain. Figure 2 shows a flow diagram of the computer program for the determination of cross-correlations. Data have been sampled simultaneously from two anemometer probes and stored in alternating elements of an input buffer. 

The COAST computer program is used to calculate the reactor coolant flow coast down transient for any combination of active and inactive pumps and forward or reverse flow in the hot or cold legs. The equations of conservation of momentum are written for each of the flow paths of the COAST model assuming unsteady one-dimensional flow of an incompressible fluid. The equation of conservation of mass is written for the appropriate nodal points. Pressure losses due to friction, and geometric losses are assumed proportional to the flow velocity squared. Pump dynamics are modelled using a head-flow curve for a pump at fiill speed and using four-quadrant curves, which are parametric diagrams of pump head and torque on coordinates of speed versus flow, for a pump at other than full speed. 

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