Compounds terms

CLAIMS UNITERM adds enhanced indexing to the chemical and chemically related patent records general terms to describe processes, properties, end products, etc specific compound terms (over 15,000) and chemical fragment terms to describe generic compounds. 

A class of 5,6,15- and 5,14,15-trioxygenated metabolites of arachidonate has been described by Samuelsson et al. Two of these compounds, termed lipoxins A and B, have recently been assigned the structures shown below. 1 Outlined below is a synthesis of a putative biosynthetic precursor of these compounds. Syntheses of the structures assigned to lipoxins A and B have also been accomplished.3.4... 

The oil ooniaios plneoe, meihyl-lsoeu,jetiol, and a compound termed -asarene. This body has the follotvius oonstiiutlon —... 

A general property of aldehydes and ketones is that when heated with hydrocyanic acid, additive compounds, termed nitriles or cyanohydrins, are produced, according to the general equations—... 

The exponent n = j3 + X, where j3 is the number of steps involved in nucleus formation (frequently j3 = 1 or 0, the latter corresponding to instantaneous nucleation) and X is the number of dimensions in which the nuclei grow (X = 3 for spheres or hemispheres, 2 for discs or cylinders and 1 for linear development). Most frequently, it is found that 2 < n < 4. Since n is a compound term, the value determined does not necessarily provide a unique measurement of both j3 and X. Ambiguity may arise where, for example, n = 3 could be a consequence of (j3 = 2, X = 1), (j3 = 1,... 

Before discussing such theories, it is appropriate to refer to features of the reaction rate coefficient, k. As pointed out in Sect. 3, this may be a compound term containing contributions from both nucleation and growth processes. Furthermore, alternative definitions may be possible, illustrated, for example, by reference to the power law a1/n = kt or a = k tn so that k = A exp(-E/RT) or k = n nAn exp(—nE/RT). Measured magnitudes of A and E will depend, therefore, on the form of rate expression used to find k. However, provided k values are expressed in the same units, the magnitude of the measured value of E is relatively insensitive to the particular rate expression used to determine those rate coefficients. In the integral forms of equations listed in Table 5, units are all (time) 1. Alternative definitions of the type... 

A cytotoxic alkaloid has been isolated from the filamentous species Hapalosi-phon forUinalis strain V-3-1. This isolate was made from soil samples collected in the Marshall Islands in 1981. This strain produces the lipophilic compound hapalindole A, which has a broad range of antialgal and antimycotic activity (9). OscUlatoria acutissima strain B-1, isolated from a freshwater pond in Oahu, was found to produce two novel macrolide compounds termed acutiphycin and 20, 21-didehydroacutiphycin. These macrolides show cytotoxicity (KB and NIH/3T3) and antitumor activity (Murine Lewis lung carcinoma) (10). 

The male-produced aggregation pheromone of the square-necked grain beetle, Cathartus quadricollis has been identified to be (3R,6 )-3-acetoxy-7-methylnon-6-ene 157 [297]. The compound, termed quadrilure, is attractive to both sexes, however, females are more sensitive at low concentrations. The (S)-enantiomer is biologically inactive. 

There are many applications in the medical and food sanitization fields for which antimicrobial surface coatings are needed. There are commercially available products making antibacterial claims, but they are limited in their applications by such factors as a poor spectra of activity, high cost, and toxicity. Work in the laboratories at Auburn Uifiversity over the past two decades has established a novel class of heterocyclic orgaific compounds termed A-halamines that have been demonstrated to be excellent antimicrobial materials for a broad variety of applications. 

Reduction of the aldehyde or ketone group in a sugar is readily achieved using a variety of reducing agents. Reduction occurs on the small amount of open-chain form present at equilibrium. As the open-chain form is removed, the equilibrium is disturbed until total reduction is achieved. The products are polyhydroxy compounds termed alditols. Reduction... 

The incorporation of silicon leads to a new class of compounds termed S APOs. These exhibit catalytic properties intermediately between those of zeolite... 

The alcohols have been termed the hydrated oxides of the basylous radicals but this is erroneous, as they do not contain waW. They may more correctly be defined os the compounds of hydroxyl with the basylous organic radicals, whence it follows that each series of basylous radicals forms a correspond ing series of alcohols. The alcohols act upon and saturate acids, forming a family of compounds termed ethereal salte. 

During this operation a black powder is precipitated, which contains hydrated carbonate of copper, mixed with a small proportion of the purple of Cassius derived from the action of the gilding solution upon the tin contained in tho solder of tho trinkets. The compound termed the purple of Cassius will be described afterwards,... 

The naphthol (60) is a representative of a class of compounds termed development inhibitor release couplers. Phenylmercaptotetrazole is released from this coupler during dye formation. The thiol can then inhibit development within the layer in which it is formed thereby causing a beneficial effect which is displayed in the form of a sharper image. Where the thiol wanders into an adjacent layer and causes inhibition of development some correction for the unwanted absorption of the image dye can be achieved (69MI11401). 

Vanadium and nickel are present in parts-per-million quantities in most crude oils, usually in large, oil-soluble organometallic compounds termed porphyrins. The chemical structure of porphyrins is closely akin to the coloring matter in blood and to chlorophyll in plants. 

Valinomycin is one of a group of compounds termed ionophores, which facilitate movement of ions across phospholipid membranes. Valinomycin has the cyclic structure f-t>valine-lactate-L-valine-hydroxy valerate-] 3. This figure shows the structure of the complex formed between valinomycin and K+. The complex is soluble in organic solvents and can pass through the phospholipid bilayer of the mitochondrial inner membrane. K+ dissociates reversibly from the complex in the aqueous solution on either side of the membrane. 

Despite their solid appearance, within the gel the liquid component is mobile and is only held by capillary forces. The solid network can be either a covalent polymer or a supramolecular assembly of small molecules. The latter class of compound, termed low molecular weight gelators (LMWG) of which 14.11 14.15 are examples, is perhaps of most interest to supramolecular chemists. Perhaps the most well known gels are metal oxide based polymeric materials produced by the sol-gel process. The sol-gel process involves the hydrolysis and polycondensation of monomeric metal salts such as early transition... 

The flavonoid group is very diverse and contains several compounds including flavanones, flavones, flavonols, dihydroflavonols, isoflavonoids, anthocyanins, flavan-3,4-diols, flavan-4-ols, and flavan-3-ols. Flavan-3-ols are the structural units of the polymeric compounds termed condensed tannins abundant in plants. 

Important cation binding systems in Nature are, for example, a class of macro-cyclic compounds termed ionophores and proteins that bind quaternary ammonium ions such as acetylcholine. The ionophores valinomycin 1, nonactin, the ennia-tines, and baeuvericin are cation binders that are structurally quite diverse, yet... 

In spite of much effort that has been put into reducing the side-effects, toxicity remains a major limitation of the clinical use of platinum complexes in anticancer therapy [26][27] [29] [30] and several compounds termed rescue agents , or protective agents have been investigated for co-administration with platinum compounds in order modulate these side effects of platinum therapy. 

Several naturally occurring triterpenes have been reported to show anti-HIV activity, e.g. betulinic acid, platanic acid, glycyrrhizin, mimusopic acid, gano-deriol and geumonoid.16 20 These active compounds hold the potential to serve as hits or leads for anti-HIV drug development.21,22 The focus of this chapter is bevirimat, the first in a new class of compounds termed HIV maturation inhibitors (Mis). Our discussion covers modification, structure-activity relationship (SAR), mechanism of action studies and clinical trials of bevirimat. 

Direct fabric evidence means those forms of fabrics that are still organic and have retained their original fiber composition, and those that are partially or completely replaced by mineral compounds. Those replaced by mineral compounds, termed fabric pseudomorphs, result when fabrics in contact with metal are buried in a moist, soil environ-... 

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