Compound Class Abbreviations

Compound class Formula and abbreviation Super-family Family Identified comp. Insect species Year [Ref.]... 

Compound name Abbreviation Chemical formula Class CAS no. Vapor pressure (High, moderate or low)... 

Compound class Compound Abbreviation CAS No. Ethers methyl tert-butyl ether MTBE 1634-04-4 ethyl tert-butyl ether ETBE 637-92-3 tert-amyl methyl ether TAME 994-05-8 diiso- propyl ether DIPE 108-20-3 Alcohols methanol ethanol MeOH Eton 67-56-1 64-17-5 isopropyl alcohol IPA 67-63-0 isobutyl alcohol IBA 78-83-1 tert- butyl alcohol TBA 75-65-0... 

Abbreviations of Compound Classes Discussed in This Chapter... 

Fig. 2. Radiocarbon age of the organic fractions from the sediments of Santa Monica Basin. For explanation of abbreviations of compound class fractions, refer to Fig. 1. Faa fatty acid.

Abbreviation Compound class Range of boiling point in °C... 

The list below contains the most important of the known spray reagents. These are given in alphabetical order (of a principal component) in Part I. Part II is classified alphabetically according to compounds or compound classes to be identified and lists the reagents customary for each of these. Spray reagents which are named after authors or have well known abbreviations are compiled in Part III. 

Since the interaction of the mixture components with the liquid stationary phase plays the key role in the separation process, the nature of the stationary phase is obviously important. Several hundred different liquids useful as stationary phases are known. This means that the analyst has an awesome choice when it comes to selecting a stationary phase for a given separation. It is true, however, that relatively few such liquids are in actual common use. Their composition is frequently not obvious to the analyst because a variety of common abbreviations have come to be popular for the names of some of them. Table 12.3 lists a number of common stationary phases, their abbreviated names, a description of their structures, and the classes of compounds (in terms of polarity) for which each is most useful. 

A vast number of polymer compounds are available commercially. Generally they are known by their polymer type in full or abbreviated (e.g., acrylic, polyvinyl chloride or PVC, high density polyethylene or HDPE), and frequently by a manufacturer s trade name. There is little standardisation into classes based on chemical composition or physical performance, as there is for metals. In reality, a particular chemical composition does not fully define the physical properties, while each class of performance properties can be met by a range of competing polymer types. The current trend is towards further diversification polymer compounds are increasingly being tailored to a particular application. Only in industries where recycling is an issue is there pressure for a more limited number of polymers, which can be identified and separated at the end of product life. 

Empath maintains ten object classes. Landmarks indicate a general area of the chart where a particular metabolism occurs. Compounds are primary reactants and products. Cofactors are additional reactants and products that usually drive steps energetically. Enzymes are the primary catalysts of steps most of them have an associated EC number. Agents are secondary catalysts, usually metal ions. Regulators are substances that enhance or suppress a particular reaction. Steps are reactions that include aU of the above object types. Pathways are sequences of life essential steps or steps that occur across all species. Diseases as well as Notes are associated with steps. Abbreviations are a separate category for abbreviated names on the chart and have a link to the area of primary synthesis. 

Carbodiphosphoranes C(PR3)2 and related ligands CL2 which are also termed double ylides differ from the other carbon ligands which are discussed in this volume in the number of lone electron pairs at the carbon donor atom. Ylides, carbenes, allenylidenes, and cumulenylidenes have one lone electron pair but carbodiphosphoranes have two lone electron pairs with a and n symmetry. The bonding situation in a carbodiphosphorane (a special class of CL2 compounds, abbreviated as CDP) is best described in terms of donor-acceptor bonding between the phosphane ligands which serve as a donor and a naked carbon atom in an... 

The method chosen to achieve this stabilization is to have the olefinic group form part of a molecule containing a class b donor atom, usually P or As but occasionally 0 or S. It is found, as expected, that the strongest chelate effect occurs when the chelate ring has 5.5 or 6.5 members, that, is, when there are two or three carbon atoms between heavy atom and vinyl group. Typical ligands, with the abbreviations used here, are shown in Tables 1 and 2. This review excludes compounds such as the one in Fig. 1, where no true chelation, considered as the... 

This checklist of chalcones, dihydrochalcones, and aurones contains compounds of these classes reported in the literature as natural products to the end of 2003. Compounds published before 1992 are cross-referenced to numbered entries in volumes 1 and 2 of the Handbook of Natural Flavonoidf using the abbreviations H1 and H2, respectively. Compounds published from 1992 to 2003 are cross-referenced to Table 16.1-Table 16.15 using numbers in bold type. The compounds are listed according to the system outlined in Section 16.1.1, with the exception that isoprenylated derivatives are included under the heading of aglycones. Bn, benzyl. 

It is not necessary to dignify all these metallic compound radicals with names the chief point of importance about them is their abbreviated notation, in which the smell letter o is attaohed to the symbol of the metal, the atomicify of the radical being marked in the usual manner. It mast be borne in mind that the number of atoms of oxygen in any radical of this class depends upon its atomicity thus a monad contains only one atom of oxygen, a dyad two, and a triad always three atoms of oxygen. Ihe use of any but monad and dyad metallic compound radicals is very rare. 

The timing and sequence of treatments can be altered based on test requirements and persistency of the toxicant(s). However, it is recommended that the full battery of treatments be used. There is often a tendency to alter or modify the Phase I TIE treatment based on preconceived theories about the specific substance(s) responsible for toxicity. However, it is also possible that classes of compounds contributing to toxicity may be missed if the Phase I process is modified. Abbreviated Phase I TIEs may result in the loss of valuable and necessary information about the characteristics of the substances responsible for toxicity, which may lead to inconclusive results or erroneous conclusions, and can in fact delay resolution of the toxicity event (Norberg-King et al., 2005). 

In the text, methods for preparing the particular classes of compound are presented in two ways. In certain chapters, methods for synthesizing the class of compound with which the chapter deals are enumerated and discussed. More frequently, however, syntheses are presented less formally as a consequence of various reactions. In this summary of the main synthetic methods for each important class of compound, a general equation for each reaction is given. Also, section numbers, given in parentheses, refer you to the place or places in the book where the reaction is described. References to A Word About sections are abbreviated AWA. 

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