Separation categories

The precise value of the resonance energy of benzene depends as comparisons with 13 5 cyclohexatriene and (Z) 13 5 hexatriene illustrate on the compound chosen as the reference What is important is that the resonance energy of benzene is quite large SIX to ten times that of a conjugated triene It is this very large increment of resonance energy that places benzene and related compounds m a separate category that we call aromatic... 

These calculations lend theoretical support to the view arrived at earlier on phenomenological grounds, that adsorption in pores of molecular dimensions is sufficiently different from that in coarser pores to justify their assignment to a separate category as micropores. The calculations further indicate that the upper limit of size at which a pore begins to function as a micropore depends on the diameter a of the adsorbate molecule for slit-like pores this limit will lie at a width around I-So, but for pores which approximate to the cylindrical model it lies at a pore diameter around 2 5(t. The exact value of the limit will of course depend on the actual shape of the pore, and may well be raised by cooperative effects. 

Resource estimates are divided into separate categories reflecting different levels of confidence in the quantities reported, and further separated into categories based on the cost of production. A listing of uranium resources by country is given in Table 3. 

Unit cost data should be carefully assessed to ensure that process type, size, and raw materials are similar to the proposed venture. Operating cost data sometimes are reported for separate categories such as operating labor, maintenance labor, supervision, and utiHties (9). 

In the drum-separator category, several speciahzed devices are worthy of mention. 

Health and safety legislation is in four separate categories as follows. 

The greater than unit value of Kf in pure solvents is the result expected by the field effect model (33) on a distance basis. The lower than unit value ofKj in the mixed aqueous organic solvents appears to be related to preferential hydration of the reaction center, which results in an increased effective dielectric constant from the m- compared to the p- position. The fact that values fall into two separate categories for pure organic and mixed aqueous organic solvents does not support the treatments of Exner (20) or Yukawa and Tsuno (16). 

To which of the two categories in Section 1.3 does biocatalysis belong - or should it be considered a separate category ... 

Ca2+-signaling events in excitable and nonexcitable cells, although distinct, share some common characteristics. Traditionally, calcium-signaling studies have been divided into two separate categories studies focusing on excitable cells, such as nerve and muscle, and studies focusing on electrically nonexcitable cells, such as... 

For the purposes of this chapter, hallucinogens are divided into two separate categories. The first section covers the substituted phenylalkylamines, with the prototype for these structures being mescaline. The second category includes indole-based compounds, including various substituted tryptamines, beta-car-bolines, and LSD. 

Figure 36 shows good clusters for types II and II but no evidence of definable type V or V examples, which we would also suggest eliminating as separate categories. 

Commonly, the solid fuel is divided into char, volatiles, moisture, and inerts [22,23]. In the three- step model, the char, volatiles and moisture are lumped together and referred to as solid-fuel convertibles, see Figure 17. Inerts or minerals are still a separate category. 

Empath maintains ten object classes. Landmarks indicate a general area of the chart where a particular metabolism occurs. Compounds are primary reactants and products. Cofactors are additional reactants and products that usually drive steps energetically. Enzymes are the primary catalysts of steps most of them have an associated EC number. Agents are secondary catalysts, usually metal ions. Regulators are substances that enhance or suppress a particular reaction. Steps are reactions that include aU of the above object types. Pathways are sequences of life essential steps or steps that occur across all species. Diseases as well as Notes are associated with steps. Abbreviations are a separate category for abbreviated names on the chart and have a link to the area of primary synthesis. 

The distinction between various types of cancer found in the lung requires pathological examination (Yesner, 1978a and b). There are five major and seven minor separate categories (Yesner and Van Hoff, 1979) based on cell type, but more than 50 percent of these occur as combined forms. The range of cells involved may be from stem cells to highly differentiated adeno or squamous cells. If the carcinoma is confined to squamous cell, either smallcell (oat or lymphocyte types) or large-cell adenocarcinoma, one can confidently describe it, but usually the affected tissue contains more than one cell type in close proximity to each other. 

The official estimate in 1998 also includes a breakdown by race (table 9.8) Note that Hispanic is a special ethnic designation, and can be of any race. America is becoming less white, as most racial minorities are experiencing population increases faster than the whites. There is also the rise of the multi-racial population in America, which will be included in future population classifications as a separate category. All these characteristics and changes in the population are important, as marketers need to study the consumption preferences of each segment of the population. 

The C-section ( litter ) values, i.e., gravid uterus weight, corpora lutea, total number of implants, and numbers of live and dead implants (including separate categories of dead implants) are presented as means, together with an indicator of variation, typically standard deviation. Additionally, pre- and postimplantation losses are calculated for each female ... 

Annual human exposure to radiation in millirems (mrems). Note that although radon is radiation from the Earth, it is displayed as a separate category. 

Over the years efforts have been made to understand the various parameters to consider in the choice of plastics for packaging of drug products. Drug-plastic considerations have been divided into live separate categories permeation, leaching, sorption, chemical reaction, and alteration in the physical properties of plastics or products [89]. 

Often there are personal matters that require attention at work (salary review papers, benefits, etc.) as well as departmental and other organizational matters. I keep these in separate categories, and you may find a similar arrangement useful. 

Regulations vary considerably, depending upon the nature of the waste. Hazardous t toxic) wastes are treated as a separate category by federal, state, provincial, and municipal regulatory agencies. 

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