Combined heat and power plants

Fig. 1.6. Cogeneration plant (combined heat and power plant).

For a gas turbine operating as a combined heat and power plant, the energy utilisation factor (EUF) is a better criterion of performance than the thermal efficiency. It is defined as the ratio of work output (W) plus useful heat output (Qu) to the fuel energy supplied (F),... 

THE GAS TURBINE AS A COGENERATION (COMBINED HEAT AND POWER) PLANT... 

This criteria of performance has less relevance to a combined heat and power plant which provides heat and generates electrical power. For an open circuit gas turbine plant, a more logical criterion is the energy utilisation factor (EUF) which can be calculated as... 

A third performance criterion developed for combined heat and power plant involves compari.son between the fuel required to meet the given loads of electricity and heat in the CHP plant with that required in a reference system . The latter involves conventional plants that meet the same load demands (indicated by subscript D), for example, in a conventional electric power station and in a heat only boiler. 

Chapter 9. The as turbine as a cogeneration (combined heat and power) plant... 

Horlock, J.H. (1997). Cogeneration—Combined Heat and Power Plants. 2nd edn, Krieger, Malabar. Florida. 12 Porter. R.W. and Mastanaiah, K. (1982), Thermal-economics analysis of heat-matched industrial cogeneration systems. Energy 7(2). 171-187. 

The cycles considered so far in this chapter are power cycles. However, there are applications in which Rankine cycles are used for the combined supply of power and process heat. The heat may be used as process steam for industrial processes, or steam to heat water for central or district heating. This type of combined heat and power plant is called cogeneration. A schematic cogeneration plant is illustrated in Fig. 5.19. A different schematic cogeneration plant is illustrated in Fig. 5.20. 

Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing Synthetic Resin Manufacturing Rubber Chemicals Manufacturing Electronics Materials Manufacturing Combined Heat And Power Plant... 

As an illustration of the strong interdependence between all process steps BASF has built a 75-MW combined heat and power plant on the site. Steam for the other processes makes electricity for ADN cheaper. 

Heat. Heat is mainly supplied by small-scale combustion systems in households and (to a limited extent) by combined heat and power plants (CHP) (approximately 311 PJ of fuel energy in 2007). It has to be noted... 

Among these, the well-known combined heat and power plant in Giissing, Austria, is particularly noteworthy not only as a successfiil industrial reality, but also in view of the light it sheds on the feasibility of the technical concepts involved and the economic benefits derived from the diversification of biomass syngas applications in energy and chemical production systems. 

The current trend towards decentralised power generation has generated interest in small scale, or micro-combined heat and power plant - micro-CHP. While these units can have power outputs of a few kW, the other micro concept relates to the gas turbine alone. While the typical micro-CHP unit is not intensified in our recognition of the term, the micro-turbines proposed with outputs of a few tens of Watts enter the arena currently inhabited by micro-fuel cells. Thus, uses in portable electronic equipment, micro-aerial vehicles, nano-satellites and other similar-sized devices are put forward as reasons for the development of such small turbines. 

We present the simulation of a combined heat and power plant. There are different commercial tools that can perform the simulation (or the synthesis) very efficiently (e.g.. Aspen Utility PlannerT> or Ariane by ProSim ) using databases and cost correlations obtained directly from industrial applications. The objective here is to show that it is possible to simulate a complex system taking advantage of some of the particularities of Aspen HYSYS. 

Distributed generation. Combined heat and power plant with typical capacities from 50 kW to several MW. 

Many different types of fuel cells are currently under development, with a variety of targeted applications ranging Irom miniature power supplies to large-scale combined heat and power plants. With the exception of limited small scale commercialization of some stationary units, most of... 

Figu re 1.3 Combined heat and power plant in Dortmund/ Derne with four modules for G.A.S. Energietechnologie GmbH (order value approx. 3 million ). 

The decrease of electricity indicator for Lithuania is explainable by the fact that in the end of 2009 the main electricity generation source, Ignalina nuclear power plant, was shut down. The increase of electricity indicator of Latvia is explainable by the reconstruction of two blocks of Riga combined heat and power plant (Fig. 1). 

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