Coloring effects, cellulosics

The other approach is to embed the hygroscopic perchlorates in a plastic material, which thus becomes fuel, binder, and protective coating and also opens the way for new production techniques. This scheme has been tried as shown in a U. S. patent for lithium perchlorate embedded in nylon for the purpose of formulating high-energy propellants, and it is applicable to colored flame production. A similar idea is incorporated in another U. S. patent that deals with colored flame matches or more exactly match splints made from cellulose acetate in which the perchlorates of copper or strontium perchlorate, dissolved in triethanolamine, are dispersed. Again, the color effect is most pleasing, but the technique seems to have remained confined to laboratory samples. 

In summary, although clear, light-colored cellulose solutions are required to start the synthesis, there is no guarantee, a priori, that the targeted DS will be obtained. The reasons are that the state of aggregation of cellulose is dependent on the structural characteristics of the starting material, is sensitive to the pre-treatment employed, and the impurities present. This may result in non-reproducible aggregation states, and may lead to oscillation in cellulose reactivity. Typically, effects of these oscillations may not be readily apparent, because ... 

A study was made of the comparative stabilities at various exposures of an upset stomach remedy suspension. This product consisted of a dispersion of bismuth subsalicylate and phenylsalicylate in an aqueous system. Methyl-cellulose and magnesium aluminum silicate were selected as the suspending agents, because the presence of polyvalent metallic ions precluded the use of hydrocolloids affected by these ions. In addition, it was found that methyl-cellulose contributed a demulcent effect. The viscosity, as well as the suspension characteristics of the combination of protective colloids used, was of a synergistic nature. These colloids formed a thixotropic system. The thixotropy undoubtedly aids in stabilizing this system. In order to make this product palatable and impart elegance, color and flavor were added. Sample 1 (with protective colloids) showed no separation, while sample 2 (without... 

Hou A, Chen S (2010) Preparation of microemulsions of the polysiloxanes modified with different amines and their effect on the color shade of dyed cellulose. J Dispersion Sci Technol 31 102-107... 

This isoindoline nickel complex pigment is mainly recommended for the coloration of metallics and effect coatings, especially for water based systems. P.R.271 affords yellowish to medium red shades, providing a bright flop in metallics. Alkyd/melamine resin systems may safely be overcoated and withstand exposure of 140°C for 30 minutes. The flow properties of P.R.271 in these systems and in polyester cellulose acetobutyrate base coat systems are good, but there is a certain tendency to flocculate. 

Ammonium Sulfamate. A number of flame retardants used for cellulosic materials, including fabrics and paper products, are based on ammonium sulfamate (56). These products are water-soluble and therefore nondurable if treated fabrics are washed or exposed to weathering conditions. For most fabric and paper constructions, efficient flame retardancy can be provided with no apparent effect on color or appearance and without stiffening or adverse effects on the feel of the fabrics. A wide variety of materials are treated, including hazardous work-area clothing, drapes, curtains, decorative materials, blankets, sheets, and specialty industrial papers (57). 

Application of ethylene-,4C to plants resulted in only a 2.4% conversion into soluble carbohydrates, 11% into ether-soluble materials, 6.9% into phytol, 31.7% into cellulose and lignin, and 9.6% into soluble protein and non-protein material, mainly phosphates. 9 Treatment of detached fruit (such as apples, bananas, peaches, figs, and pears) with synthetic auxins, especially (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) acetic acid, speeded up ripening, as indicated by color, taste, softness, and starch breakdown. 7 Other fruits have been similarly ripened, 8 and the treatments are effective both on climacteric and non-climacteric fruit. 

In examining charred dyed milkweed (Figure 23), the oxalates can be seen as before but the features of the dye are not readily apparent. Similarly in examining the infrared spectrum of Seip 36 (Figure 12), no oxalates or lignins can be seen although the overall shape is similar to that of a charred cellulosic. Some iron oxide is noted but no 617 cm-1 peak as was noted in fibers dyed with bedstraw. Much more work will need to be done on comparative dye materials, and the effective colorant add-on and the means to identify those colorants. 

This compound is a very effective dye that renders cotton and regenerated cellulose fibers a clear blue shade on prolonged treatment in the presence of an acid-binding agent. The resulting color prove to be veiy light- and waterfast. 

At present, only blue dioxazines are used commercially to color cellulose, where R is varied to give reddish to greenish-blue tints. Variation of T has only a minor effect on the shade. 

The oxidative effect of the DMSO/PhNCO system on cellulose was confirmed by means of alcoholic model compounds (60, 62, 64) that were neatly oxidized into the corresponding ketones. The presence of the active species, the oxidatively acting sulfonium ylide 66, in the cellulose carbanilation mixture was proven by trapping with two reagents, a tocopherol-based compound (48) and a naphthoquinone (68) that was also used in a facile color test to estimate the degrading effect of certain carbanilation mixtures and conditions on cellulose. 

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