Coir fibre

Bhattacherjee. Coir fibre toxicity in vivo and in vitro studies. Toxicol Lett 1982 10(4) 359-365. 

Composites reinforced with short natural fibres has been done, as a matrix used polyester resin. The natural fibres such as palm-fibre and coir-fibre have been treated with chemical and mechanical treatment. The mechanical properties of composites with treated natural fibres better than untreated natural fibres composites. 

Mechanical interlocking of two surface, matrix-roughen fibre surface produce matrix faibre bond to be higher than the smooth surface fibre-matrix, and the mechanical properties of composite materials to be better than without mechanical treatment on surfaee of the palmyra and coir fibres. 

The effect of chemical treatment on surface of the fibre in which the coupling agent was found to be concentrated on the fibre provided the ability for the covalent bonding formation. In the present study, the above explanation is aplicable to the increase in impact strenth. The effect of mechanical treatment for palmyra fibre surface not to be roughness than coir fibre. The surface of the palmyra fibre is more smooth than the coir fibre surface before mechanical treatmennt, for this case the TS value for palmyra composite materials increase only around 5 - 10 % but for coir composite materials increase around 10 - 15 % and effect of chemical treatment for the coir fibre composite materials better than the palmyra composite materials that is due to palmyra fibre content around 60% carbon atom. Interaction of carbon atom and sodium peroxide is weak. 

Teli M.D. Adivarekar R.V. Pardeshi P.D. Dyeing of sisal, jute coir fibres with various dyes. Indian Textile Journal, 113, 2, 13, 6p. 

Coir fibre is obtained from the hard internal shell and the outer coat of coconuts. The individual fibre cells are narrow and hollow and the thick walls are made of cellulose. It is thick, strong and has high abrasion resistance. Mature brown coir fibre contains more lignin and less cellulose than fibres such as flax and cotton and is therefore stronger but less flexible. Coir fibre is relatively waterproof and is one of the few natural fibres resistant to be damaged by salt water. 

Short fibres of glass, rayon, aramid, asbestos and cellulose as reinforcing fillers, have been broadly used in rubber industries due to their high modulus, high strength and low creep. In recent years especially, natural fibres such as jute fibre, cellulose fibre, " coir fibre," " sisal fibre," " etc. have been also widely used in NR composites because they are enviromnental friendly, cheap, abundant and renewable. However, natural fibres also have some disadvantages such as moisture absorption, quality variations, low thermal stability and poor compatibility with the hydrophobic polymer matrix. 

Thomas et al. and Joseph et reported that the short coir fibre or isora fibre reinforced NR composites were prepared by conventional blending and... 

The natural raw material such as sugar cane leave, bagasse, oil palm ash, palm fibre, coir fibre, coconut fibre and jute fibre are treated with NaOH, H2O2, H2SO4/HCI or HCIO4. 

In the previous work, the coir fibres which is obtained from the coconut husks, they may be classified according to the peeled off time from the husks are used as reinforced filler in NR compound.The properties of brown cofibre show highly resistance to abrasion. Usually, they are primarily used in brushes, floor mats and upholstery padding. In case of white cofibre, it is made from the husks of coconuts shortly before they ripen. The white fibre is softer and less strong... 

Savastano H Jr, Santos SF, Radonjic M, Soboyejo WO et al (2009) Fracture and fatigue of natural fibre-reinforced cementitious composites. Cement Concr Compos 31 232-243 79. Rahman WA, Tin SL, Razak RA et al (2008) Injection moulding simulation analysis of natural fibre composite window frame. J Mater Process Technol 197 22-30 Toledo FRD, Andrade SF, Fairbaim EMR, Melo FA et al (2009) Durability of compression molded sisal fibre reinforced mortar laminates. Construct Build Mater 23 2409-2420 Pillai MS (2006) Applications of natural coir fibre, proceedings, natural fibres vision 2020, New Delhi 8-9th December... 

H. Gu, Tensile behaviours of the coir fibre and related composites after NaOH treatment. Mater. Des. 30,3931-3934 (2009). 

D.N. Mahato, B.K. Mathur, and S. Bhattacherjee, DSC and IR methods for determination of accessibihty of cellulosic coir fibre and thermal degradation under mercerization. Indian J. Fibre Text. Res. 38,96-100 (2013). 

S. V. Prasad, C. Pavithran, and P. K. Rohatgi, Alkali treatment of coir fibres for coir-poly-ester composites, /. Mater. Sd. 18(5),1443-1454 (1983). 

D.S. Varma, M. Varma, and I.K. Varma, Thermal behaviour of coir fibres. Thermochim. Acta 108,199-210(1986). 

ECN and ECM are open-weave structures whereas ECB are needle-punched non-wovens. They are the most commonly used temporary, degradable systems. An improvement on these structures is organic fibre-filled blankets (OFB), which are essentially jute or coir fibres sewn into or placed between synthetic nettings. They give increased ground cover and better resistance to rainfall impact. The installation life of OFBs is from 4 to 24 months. Their biodegradabUity depends on the choice of nettings, fibre type, and chemical nature of the rain and soil. 

In the investigation carried on by Ramakrishna and Snndararajan (2005), only natural fibres (coir, sizal, juta and Indian hemp) were applied with different amounts from 0.5% to 2.5% weight of cement. These fibres increased the impact resistance by 3-18 times, respectively, compared to plain cement mortar specimens. The coir fibres reinforced slabs have shown the best performance. 

Coir fibres (Cocus nucifera) are obtained from the shells of coconuts. Traditionally, the nuts are firstly soaked in sea water, which softens the husks, after which they are manually beaten and washed with fresh water. The residual reddish brown fibrous mass is decorticated by tearing and hackling it into fibres, about 250 mm in length. 

Abraham E, Deepa B, Pothan LA, Cinbl J, Thomas S, John MJ, Anandjiwala R, Narine SS (2013) Environmental friendly method for the extraction of coir fibre and isolation of nanofiber. 

Grow sticks are used as natural supports for plants and creepers. They consist of a wooden pole wrapped with the layer of coir fibre or nonwoven felt. The roots of the plant can easily penetrate on the pores of coir pad. 

S. (1998) Composite of short coir fibres and natural mbber effect of chemical modification loading and orientation of fibre. Polymer, 39 (6-7), 1483-1491. 

Dong, Y., Ghataura, A., Takagi, H., Haroosh, H.J., Nakagaito, AJ4., Lau, K.-T., 2014a. Polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites reinforced with coir fibres evaluation of mechanical performance and multifunctional properties. Composites Part A Applied Science and... 

Fmit fibres are obtained from the skin or husk of fruit such as coir fibre. The outer skin or husk of coconut fruit serves as a source of coir fibre Cocos nucifera). Alter manual separation from nuts, the husk is retted in seawater for 8—10 months of anaerobic (bacterial) fermentation. By retting, the fibres are softened and can be decorticated and extracted by manual beating. After hackling, washing and drying (in the shade), the fibres are loosened manually and cleaned. 

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