Cocaine interaction

Nation JR Texas A M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX Heavy metals and cocaine interactions possible link between xenobiotic contamination and the response to a prominently abused psychoactive drug National Institute on Drug Abuse... 

Cestari V, Castellano C. (1996). Caffeine and cocaine interaction on memory consolidation in mice. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 331(1) 94-104. 

Farre M, de la Torre R, Llorente M et al (1993) Alcohol and cocaine interactions in humans. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 266 1364-1373... 

Example Researchers have used MNDO and AMI semi-empirical methods to calculate possible reaction pathways for the interaction of glycine and cocaine. In choosing possible interaction sites,... 

Wu, C.S. Neely, W.C. Worley, S.D. A Semiempirical Theoretical Study of the Molecular Interaction of Cocaine with the Biological Substrate Glycine. 7 Comput. Chem. 12 862-867, 1991. 

A number of psychosocial treatments for alcohol and other substance use disorders exist and are widely used. In this chapter, we discuss six of these psychotherapies as they are applied to alcohol, cocaine, and opioid dependence brief interventions, motivational enhancement therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, behavioral treatments (including contingency management and community reinforcement approaches), behavioral marital therapy, and 12-step facilitation. We also describe studies that examined the efficacy of a medication in combination with one or more of the six psychotherapies. In the second section of the chapter, we highlight research that directly studied the interaction between psychosocial and pharmacological treatments. 

Several CM studies have explored interactions between medication and psychosocial treatments for substance use disorders. In a 12-week randomized, double-blind study of buprenorphine-maintained opioid- and cocaine-dependent patients, Kosten et al. (2003a) found that desipramine and CM together led to greater abstinence from cocaine and heroin and more consecutive weeks of abstinence than either treatment individually or placebo. A later... 

Many studies have examined the efficacy of a variety of psychosocial treatments for alcohol, cocaine, and opioid use disorders, alone and in conjunction with pharmacotherapy. However, only a handful of studies have explored how these two treatment approaches may interact. More research is needed to further explore the ways in which psychosocial interventions may be used in conjunction with pharmacotherapy to optimize outcomes for both treatments. Providing encouragement for abstinence, greater treatment retention, medication adherence, and coping with medication side effects are some potential applications of psychosocial therapies. 

However, there are some data on interactions of phosphate esters with other compounds. Cocaine undergoes metabolism by three major routes one of these routes involves hydrolysis by liver and plasma cholinesterases to form ecgonine methyl ester. It has been suggested that cocaine users with serious complications tend to have lower plasma cholinesterase levels. Thus, it is possible that individuals with decreased plasma cholinesterase levels (such as resulting from organophosphate ester exposure) may be highly sensitive to cocaine (Cregler and Mark 1986 Hoffman et al. 1992). However, there are no experimental data to support this hypothesis. 

Reith, M.E.A., Meisler, B.E., Sershen, H., and Lajtha, A., Structural requirements for cocaine congeners to interact with dopamine and serotonin uptake sites in mouse brain and to induce stereotyped behavior, Biochem. Pharmacol., 35, 1123, 1986. 

Holtzman, S.G. Differential interaction of GBR 12909, a dopamine uptake inhibitor, with cocaine and methamphetamine in rats discriminating cocaine. Psychopharmacology. 155 180, 2001. 

Rate of Interaction of Cocaine with the DAT and Cocaine Reinforcement..85... 

Chen N., Reith M. Autoregulation and monoamine interactions in the ventral tegmental area in the absence and presence of cocaine a microdialysis study in freely moving rats. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 271 1597, 1994. 

Giros B., Wang Y., Sutter S., McLeskey S., Pfil C., Caron M. Delineation of discrete domains for substrate, cocaine, and tricyclic antidepressant interactions using chimeric dopamine-norepinephrine... 

Broadbent J., Gaspard T., Dworkin S. Assessment of the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine in the rat lack of interaction with opioids. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 51 379, 1995. 

Cunningham K., Lakoski J. The interaction of cocaine with serotonin dural raphe neurons. Single unit extracellular recording studies. Neuropsychopharmacology. 3 41, 1990. 

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