Co-carcinogen

KIM J p, PARK J G, LEE M D, HAN M D, PARK s T, LEE B H, JUNG se(1985) Co-carcinogenic effects of several Korean foods on gastric cancer induced by N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in rats. . Jpn J Surg. 15 427-37. 

Paolini, M., Cantelli-Forti, G., Perocco, P., Peduli, G.F., Abdel-Rahman, S.Z., and Legator, M.S. 1999. Co-carcinogenic effect of beta-carotene. Nature 398 760-761. 

W. S. Schlotzhauer, M. E. Snook, O. T. Chortyk, and R. E. Wilson, Pyrolytic evaluation of low chlorogenic acid tobaccos in die formation of die tobacco smoke co-carcinogen catechol, J. Anal. 

Together these data suggest that bile acids may induce mutations in DNA, and reinforces the notion that bile acids may play a key role as carcinogens or co-carcinogens in the gastro-intestinal tract. 

Pence BC, Buddingh E Co-carcinogenic effect of carbon black ingestion with dietary fat on the development of colon tumors in rats. Toxfro/37 177-182, 1987... 

Shukla Y, Baqar SM, Mehrotra NK Carcinogenic and co-carcinogenic studies of thiram on mouse skin. Food Chem Toxicol 34(3) 283-9, 1996... 

Gwynn, R.H., and Salaman, M.H. Studies on co-carclnogenesls SH-reactors and other substances tested for co-carcinogenic action in mouse skin. Br. J. Cancer 8 482-489, 1953. 

Hicks, R.M., Wakefield, S.J., and Chowaniec, J. (1975). Evaluation of a new model to detect bladder carcinogens or co-carcinogens results obtained with saccheirine, cyclamate and cyclophosphamide, Chem.-Biol. Interactions 11,224. 

Co-carcinogen A substance or agent that assists carcinogens to cause cancer. 

Tigliane (G5 C7 C61 C3) diterpenes include the highly irritant, toxic, co-carcinogenic, PKC activating phorbol esters from Euphorbiaceae plants. While not being activated by the parent compound phorbol, PKC is activated by plant-derived esters of phorbol, 4-deoxyphor-bol and 12-deoxyphorbol (e.g. 12-0-palmitoyl-16-hydroxy-phorbol 13-acetate, 12-deoxyphorbol 13-benzoate, 12-deoxyphorbol 13-phenylacetate, 12-deoxyphorbol 13-phenylacetate-20-acetate, sapintoxin A (4-deoxyphorbol 12-(2-methylamino)benzoate-l3-acetate) and 12-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)), as well as by synthetic phorbol esters. 

Kimizuka G, Azuma M, Ishibashi M, et al. 1993. Co-carcinogenic effect of chrysotile and amosite asbestos with benzo(a)pyrene in the lung of hamsters. Acta Pathol Jpn 43(4) 149-153. 

The neutral fraction of the seed oil of the caper spurge Euphorbia lathyris) contains a number of co-carcinogenic compounds. Compound Lj is the 3-phenylacetate-5,10-diacetate of 6,20-epoxylathyrol, while compound L2 is a... 

Phorbol (14) was isolated from the oil of Croton tiglium (Euphorbiaceae) seeds " ". The presence of a system containing both the cyclopropanol and the cyclopropylcarbinol functionalities at the C/D ring moiety is quite unusual. Various fatty acid esters of phorbol have been shown to be the active components responsible for the co-carcinogenic activity of croton oil. Esterification usually occurs at C(11) and C(12) with a pair of long chain and short chain fatty acids, as in the potent co-carcinogenic tetradecyl phorbol acetate (TPA). 

Surh YJ, Lee SS. Capsaicin in hot chih pepper carcinogen, co-carcinogen or anticarcinogen Food Chem Toxicol 1996 34(3) 313-16. 

Benzonyl peroxide Acne treatment Co-carcinogen ( ) (SEDA-7, 168)... 

Organic air pollutants Carcinogenicity or co-carcinogenicity mucus coagulation. 

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