Clostridium welchii

Clostridium welchii, Epsilon Toxin Producing C17-A008... 

S.Red. Cl =Sulphite Reducing Clostridia—Clostridium welchii =Decimal logarithms of counts... 

William Welch (1850-1934) was an American pathologist and microbiologist who first demonstrated that the bacteria that live on the skin, Staphylococcus epidermis, could cause wound infections. He was also the first to describe the anaerobic organism which causes gas gangrene, which was named Clostridium welchii after him. 

This zinc-dependent enzyme [EC 3.1.4.3] (also known as lipophosphodiesterase I, lecithinase C, Clostridium welchii ce-toxin, and Clostridium oedematiens 13- and y-toxins) catalyzes the hydrolysis of a phosphatidylcholine to produce 1,2-diacylglycerol and choline phosphate. The enzyme isolated from bacterial sources also acts on sphingomyelin and phosphatidylinositol however, the enzyme isolated from seminal plasma does not act on phosphatidylinositol. See Micelle... 

Clostridium oedematiens fS- and y-toxins, PHOSPHOLIPASE C Clostridium welchii a-toxin,... 

Eastoe, J. E. and Long, J. E. 1959. The effect of nisin on the growth of cells and spores of Clostridium welchii in gelatine. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 22, 1-7. 

Bacterial cells, wet packed, 2 to 3 g. Use B subtilis, Escherichia colt, or Clostridium welchii. If lyophilized cells are available, use 0.5 g. Sahne-EDTA, 0 15 M NaCl plus 0.1 M ethylenediaminetetraacetate, pH 8... 

Putrefactive hacteria, such as Clostridium welchii, which frequently invade human blood during the agonal period or immediately after death, produce the enzyme neuraminidase ( 9). Neuraminidase has been shown to effect the heterogeneity of electrophoretic banding patterns of the human prostate acid phosphatase (10). The effect of this enzyme on EAP is not known. 

Clostridium welchii, enzymes, effect on blood group substances, IV, 55 Coacervation, I, 277 Coatings, cellulose ester, I, 323 Co-carboxylase, II, 124 Coccidioides immitis, polysaccharide formed by, II, 225 Cocositol, III, 60 Coir, xylan peroentage in, V, 271 Collagenaae, effect on blood group substances, IV, 55... 

A number of workers have observed amino acids in lipide extracts, including those of microbial origin (11, 12, 17, 29). Recently, Macfar-lane (34) has reported that most of the phospholipide in Clostridium welchii is bound to amino acids and that some of this material occurs as the O-amino acid ester of phosphatidylglycerol. The relatively prominent occurrence of lipides in cell membranes has led to the recurrent suggestion that transport of hydrophilic substances through such membranes would be greatly facilitated by combination with hydrophobic substances. Consequently, most workers who have observed the incorporation of amino acids into lipide fractions quite naturally... 

Kaolin is a stable material. Since it is a naturally occurring material, kaolin is commonly contaminated with microorganisms such as Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium tetani, and Clostridium welchii. However, kaolin may be sterilized by heating at a temperature greater than 160°C for not less than 1 hour. When moistened with water kaolin darkens and becomes plastic. 

B44. Brummelkamp, W. H., Treatment of infections with Clostridium welchii by oxygen therapy at 3 atmospheres. A report on 37 oases, In Clinical Application of Hyperbaric Oxygen (I. Boerema, W. H. Brummelkamp, and N. G. Meijne, eds.), pp. 20-30. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1964. 

P2. Pacheco, G., and Costa, G. A., Effect of oxygen under pressure on Clostridium welchii. Rev. Brasil. Biol. 1, 145-153 (1941). 

Lipophosphodiesterase I. Lecithinase C. Clostridium welchii alpha-toxin. Clostridium oedematiens beta- and gamma-toxins. 

Like most of the PLP-dependent decarboxylases, these enzymes involve retention of configuration at the a-carbon (Fig. 13). Chang and Snell first observed that histidine decarboxylase catalyzes the conversion of L-histidine to histamine in solvent with the stereospecific incorporation of one deuterium atom from H20 solvent (266). Retention of configuration was tentatively suggested on the basis of a comparison of the optical rotation properties of the deuterated histamine with those of model compounds. This conclusion was later confirmed for histidine decarboxylase from both Lactobacillus 30a and Clostridium welchii by a method that employed diamine oxidase for the configurational analysis of the (a5)-[a- H]histamine resulting from enzymic decarboxylation of (aS)-[of- H]histidine in H2O diamine oxidase catalyzes stereospecific removal of the pro- S) hydrogen at the a-methylene of histamine (267, 2 ) [Eq. (53)] ... 

Aspartate [113-115] Clostridium perfringens Clostridium welchii Archromobacter sp. Aspartate a-Alanine... 

Histidine [116,126,127] E. coli Clostridium welchii Lactobacillus 30a Histidine Histamine... 

Interestingly, the drug is specifically effective against Clostridium welchii as a prophylaxis of wounds in the form of topical medicaments viz., lotions, ointments, or dusting powder. 

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