Electrophoretic band

Electrophoretic band-shift The reaction mixtures contain 20 pi of 50 mM imidazole-HCl (pH 7.5) buffer, 50 mM NH4C1, 10 mM Mg acetate, and 1 pM each IF2 and f[35S]Met-tRNAmetf. After 10 min incubation at 37°,... 

Beckman et al. (28) have studied the electrophoretic separation of the acid phosphatase activity in tissue extracts on starch gel at pH 8. They described four electrophoretic bands A, B, C, and D. Table IV (28) shows the distribution of activity in different organ extracts. The ABD pattern predominated in kidney BD in liver, intestine, heart, and skeletal muscle B in skin and D in pancreas. The C component was present in a large number of placentae but not in other adult organs. All four electrophoretic components were inhibited by d-(- -)-tartrate A contained sialic acid, D had a lower pH optimum and was more heat resistant than A, B, and C. Components C and D showed parallel electrophoretic behavior. In human skin fibroblasts grown in tissue culture, the acid phosphatase was generally high and the most common pattern was BD. Almost every culture showed some activity. The BD... 

Putrefactive hacteria, such as Clostridium welchii, which frequently invade human blood during the agonal period or immediately after death, produce the enzyme neuraminidase ( 9). Neuraminidase has been shown to effect the heterogeneity of electrophoretic banding patterns of the human prostate acid phosphatase (10). The effect of this enzyme on EAP is not known. 

SDS-PAGE, together with the Coomassie brilliant blue coloration, is used to quantitatively determine the sample purity with respect to dimers, larger covalent aggregates, and polypeptide fragments. The SDS-PAGE protein separation can be combined with the Western blot analysis, which is used to determine the presence of an electrophoretic band (Figure 13.2 see color section). 

Weiss, G. H., Sokoloff, H. Zakharov, S. F., and Chrambach, A. (1996). Interpretation of electrophoretic band shapes by a partition chromatography model. Electrophoresis 17, 1325-1332. 

In addition to the four bands of acid phosphatase isoenzyme activity in normal leukocytes, two other isoenzymes may appear in leukemia. In a case of acute granulocytic leukemia with 100% blast forms, only one electrophoretic band of activity was manifest this migrated between normal band 3 and 4 and was therefore designated 3b. In a case of leukemic reticuloendotheliosis with 98% reticulum cells, only one, and this a strongly staining band, was present this migrated anodically beyond No. 4 and was therefore designated No. 5 (L8). 

From DeVries et al. (1970), reproduced with permission. b Glycoproteins are designated by their electrophoretic band numbers. 

A man with early-onset emphysema undergoes protein electrophoresis for analysis of oci antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency (107400). The result shows two electrophoretic bands that react with AAT, one at the normal position and one at an abnormal position. Which of the following best describes this result ... 

Ashton and Simpson (A19) also reported the presence of an extra, slow-migrating, electrophoretic band (called Cg) in a Brazilian population. The same, or a similar, variant was observed in a Venezuelan population by Callango and Arends (C2), who also found a band between Cg and CJ, which they called the C,... 

Most workers have adopted the international convention on nomenclature of multiple forms of enzymes (12), so that the major isoenzymes of cholinesterase are numbered consecutively, with the form having the highest mobility towards the anode being designated one. Unfortunately, there are two sets of symbols for the electrophoretic bands of the enzyme, namely C1-C4 (H6) and ChEj-ChEs e.T (L8). It turns out that C1-C3 are identical to ChEj-ChEs, respectively, but C4 is identified with ChE4 +... 

Electrophoretic band Value (daltons) Methods Reference... 

High serum alkaline phosphatase values have been repeatedly described in patients with hepatoma (G22, S4, S6). In general, hyper-phosphatasemia is observed twice as commonly as is hyperbilirubinemia (14) and tends to be much greater in degree (E13). Although histochemi-cal techniques fail to reveal alkaline phosphatase activity in the majority of hepatomas (S71), some such tumors contain unique isoenzymes (Hll, W9). Atypical electrophoretic bands may be present in the serum of hepatoma patients, and it has been claimed that the presence of such bands is correlated with the presence of circulating a-fetoprotein (P23). 

There are theoretically three ways in which the subunits can be combined to make an M2H2 hybrid. Levitzki (14i) has been able to separate the M2H2 electrophoretic band into two parts which might show that more than one of the M0H2 hybrids can be formed. 

Phospholamban was initially detected in smooth muscle in purified ER preparations from pig stomach and rabbit aorta as electrophoretic bands comigrating with the 25-kDa pentameric and 5-kDa monomeric forms of cardiac phospholamban. The dissociation of the pentamer depends on the conditions of pretreatment of the sample with the denaturing electrophoresis buffer. Phospholamban protein has also been detected in many other vascular and gastrointestinal smooth muscles, including rat aortic cells (Sarcevic et al, 1989 Karczewski et ai, 1992), canine ileum and iliac artery (Ferguson et al., 1988), and bovine aorta (L. Raeymaekers, unpublished observations Watras,... 

Lipoprotein nomenciature is based on mode of separation. When preparative uitracentrifugation is used, lipoproteins are separated according to their density and identified as very-iow-density iipoproteins (VLDLs), intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDLs), low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), and high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). When electrophoresis is employed in the separation, lipoproteins are designated as pre-(3, (3, and a. The IDLs are mainly found in the pre-(3 fraction as a second electrophoretic band and are currently... 

Separation techniques allow further characterization of the isolated species. Peaks from chromatographic and capillary electrophoresis runs may be collected, and electrophoretic bands on gels may be excised or blotted onto suitable membranes. Then, more powerful and sensitive techniques may be used for absolute sample identification or for the detection of specific local modifications. Common examples of these postseparative techniques include MS or LC-MS analysis and chemical or MS sequencing of the intact protein or of its enzymatic digests immunochemical recognition of native or modified protein... 

A comparison of the data resulting from the labeling experiments with permeabilized cells with the data obtained by analysis of the boronate-binding fraction suggests the existence of several ADP-ribosylated nuclear matrix proteins. Beginning with a weak, but distinct electrophoretic band at approximately 300 kD, there are modified proteins at 300,220,140,116,73,69,64,60,51,46,43,41 kD. 

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