Chlorobenzenes bioconcentration

The uptake of five chlorinated benzenes and three polychlorinated biphenyls from sediment suspension has been investigated by Schrap and Opperhuizen [33]. In order to examine the availability of these chemicals, the uptake from water was compared with that from sediment suspension. In the two experiments, the total amount of the chemicals was the same. The only difference was the fact that the chemicals were partly sorbed on the suspended sediment in one system, whereas the chemicals were truly dissolved in the water in the other. For all five chlorobenzenes, bioconcentration factors were found to be reduced when the fish were exposed to these chemicals in the sediment suspen-... 

Matsuo, J. (1981) i/o - Characters to describe bioconcentration factors of chlorobenzenes and naphthalenes - meaning of the sign of the coefficients of 2i/2o in the correlating equations. Chemosphere 10, 1073-1078. 

Oliver BG, Niimi AJ. 1983. Bioconcentration of chlorobenzenes from water by rainbow trout correlations with partition coefficients and environmental residues. Environ Sci Technol 17 287-291. 

Legierse, K.C.H.M., Sijm, D.T.H.M., van Leeuwen, C.J., Seinen, W., and Mermens, J.L.M. Bioconcentration kinetics of chlorobenzenes and the organophosphorus pesticide chlorthion in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis n comparison with the guppy Poecilia reticulata, Aquat. Toxicol., 41(3) 301-323, 1998. 

Food Chain Bioaccumulation. Bioconcentration of 1,4-dichlorobenzene has been documented for several aquatic species (ASTER 1995 Chiou 1985 Oliver and Nicol 1982a Oliver and Niimi 1983). Based on the relatively high it appears that bioaccumulation does occur (Leo et al. 1971). Oliver and Nicol (1982a) measured concentrations of chlorobenzenes in sediments, water, and selected fish from the... 

Great Lakes. Their limited fish analyses indicate that chlorobenzenes, including 1,4-dichlorobenzene, are bioconcentrated by fish, but to a much smaller extent than compounds such as DDT or PCBs. 

Kaiser, K.L.E., Dixon, D.G., Hodson, PV. (1984) QSAR studies on chlorophenols, chlorobenzenes and para-substituted phenols. In QSAR in Environmental Toxicology. Kaiser, K. L. E., Ed., pp. 189-206, D. Reidel Publishing Co., Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Kamlet, M.J., Doherty, R.M., Carr, P.W., Mackay, D., Abraham, M.H., Taft, R.W. (1988) Linear solvation energy relationship. 44. Parameter estimation rules that allow accurate prediction of octanol/water partition coefficients and other solubility and toxicity properties of polychlorinated biphenyls and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Environ. Sci. Technol. 22, 503-509. Kanazawa, J. (1981) Measurement of the bioconcentration factors of pesticides by fresh-water fish and their correlation with physicochemical properties of acute toxicities. Pest. Sci. 12, 417-424. 

FIGURE 1 Bioconcentration factors (log Kl) based on fish lipid weights of chlorobenzenes (CBs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) in Poecilia reticulata (guppy) as a function of log Kow... 

This study was undertaken to test the ability of our previous molecular connectivity models to accurately predict the soil sorption coefficients, bioconcentration factors, and acute toxicities in fish of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), alkylbenzenes, alkenylbenzenes, chlorobenzenes, polychlorinated biphenyls, chlorinated alkanes and alkenes, heterocyclic arid substituted PAHs, and halogenated phenols. Tests performed on large groups of such compounds clearly demonstrate that these simple nonempirical models accurately predict the soil sorption coefficients, bioconcentration factors, and acute toxicities in fish of the above compounds. Moreover, they outperform traditional empirical models based on 1-octanol/ water partition coefficients or water solubilities in accuracy, speed, and range of applicability. These results show that the molecular connectivity models are a very accurate predictive tool for the soil sorption coefficients, bioconcentration factors, and acute toxicities in fish of a wide range of organic chemicals and that it can be confidently used to rank potentially hazardous chemicals and thus to create a priority testing list. ... 

FIGURE 2 Plot and least square linear regressions of bioconcentration factors (log BCF) versus lipid contents of fish for five chlorobenzenes. 

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