Chlorinated benzenes INDEX

The second structural property described by the 4ypc index is the substitution pattern on the benzene ring. The value of the 4ypc index increases sharply with the degree of substitution, while in the isomeric classes of substituted benzenes it increases with the proximity of substituents. Thus, this structural parameter has also been found to be very useful in describing activities and properties of polysubstituted benzenes [103], chlorinated benzenes [279], and polychlorinated biphenyls [286]. 

Investigation of chromatographic retention is one of the most active areas for QSAR studies using connectivity indexes and other topological indexes. Many papers have been written for this important area of analytical chemistry. Sabljic demonstrated that the connectivity indexes are very useful in the QSAR analysis of chromatographic retention and lists several references. In particular, he refers to analysis of chlorinated alkanes and benzenes. For 13 chlorinated benzenes he showed that the first-order index gives excellent correlation (r = 0.997 and 0.985) for retention on SE-30 and on Carbowax 20M, respectively. These regressions were better than ones based on the use of the Wiener number or the Balaban ] index, even with a heteroatom modification. The isomer pairs 1,3- and 1,4-dichlorobenzene as well as the other isomers are not discriminated by the first-order index alone. 

Chlorinated benzenes, because of their much higher UV cutoffs (>285 min versus 233 nm for DCM) and high cost (more than twice the cost of DCM), are rarely used in HPLC standard methods. However, when systems in which tempera hires in excess of 70°C are needed (in order to solubilize analytes) and a refractive index detector or methods that employ UV detection where a high wavelength is used, the temperature stability of the chlorinated benzenes offers a practical alternative. 

Several years ago we demonstrated (Sabijic and Protic 1982b) that the second-order valence molecular connectivity index ( x ) quantitatively correlates with bioconcentration factors (BCFs) of chlorinated hydrocarbons in fish. This result was recently confirmed by two other laboratories (Goverset al. 1984 Koch 1983). The following relationship was established between the index and bioconcentration factors determined by the flow-through method for 20 chlorinated benzenes, biphenyls, diphenyloxides, and similar compounds ... 

Solvent — The transition energy responsible for the main absorption band is dependent on the refractive index of the solvent, the transition energy being lower as the refractive index of the solvent increases. In other words, the values are similar in petroleum ether, hexane, and diethyl ether and much higher in benzene, toluene, and chlorinated solvents. Therefore, for comparison of the UV-Vis spectrum features, the same solvent should be used to obtain all carotenoid data. In addition, because of this solvent effect, special care should be taken when information about a chromophore is taken from a UV-Vis spectrum measured online by a PDA detector during HPLC analysis. 

Ratz et al. reported on the synthesis of this cyclophosphazene in which the chlorine atoms of NjPjClg are substituted by 2- methyl aziridine (propyleneimine) groups in the presence of H3N or Et3N in benzene. However, the original paper provides only very few characteristics of the sample in question, i.e., elemental analysis and refractive index, n = 1.5071. 

Sacan and Balcioglu (1996) reported the following correlation between Koc and the Characteristic Root Index (CRI) for 36 chlorinated biphenyls, phenols, and benzenes ... 

Properties Clear, volatile liquid almond-like odor. D 1.105 (25/25C), bp 131.6C, fp-45C, wt/gal9.19 lb (25C), refr index 1.5216 (25C), flash p 85F (29.4C) (CC), autoign temp 1180F (637C). Miscible with most organic solvents insoluble in water. Derivation By passing dry chlorine into benzene with a catalyst. 

Properties White crystals (yellow or pink when impure) unpleasant penetrating odor. Bp 217C, mp 42-43C, d 1.306, refr index 1.5579 (40C), flash p 250C (121C). Slightly soluble in water soluble in benzene, alcohol, and ether. Volatile with steam. A 1% solution is acid to litmus. Combustible. Derivation Chlorination of phenol, from chlorani-line through the diazonium salt. 

Properties Reddish-brown, fuming liquid pungent chlorine odor. D 1.638 (15.5C), fp—78C, bp decomposes above 59C on rapid heating, boils near 60C, refr index 1.567 (20C). Decomposes in water and alcohol soluble in benzene. 

Nevertheless, a far more important parameter in this case is the promotion index Pj (Section 4.2) which takes values up to 250 and down to -30 for the case of Na promotion and poisoning, respectively, of CO oxidation on Pt (Table 2 and Figure 18). As noted in Section 4 (Figures 16 and 17) and also shown on Table 2, p values up to infinity and down to zero have been recently obtained for the cases of NO reduction by C2H4 on Pt and benzene hydrogenation on Pt. Also the use of P"-Al203 as a Na donor in the case of ethylene epoxidation, in conjunction with the use of chlorinated hydrocarbon moderators, leads to ethylene oxide selectivity up to 88 percent (Figure 30). 

CAS 8001-30-7 EINECS/ELINCS 232-281-2 Synonyms Corn oil Maize oil Zea mays Zea mays oil Definition Refined fixed oil obtained from wet milling of corn, Zea mays Properties Pale yel. oily liq., faint char, odor and taste sol. in ether, chloroform, amyl acetate, benzene, CS2, chlorinated and aromatic soivs. si. sol. in alcohol insol. in water dens. 0.914-0.921 m.p. -10 C acid no. 2-6 iodine no. 109-133 sapon. no. 187-193 flash pt. 321 C ref. index 1.470-1.474... 

Properties Colorless oily liq., chloroform-like odor, sweet taste misc. with ethanol, chloroform, diethyl ether, acetone, benzene, oxygenated and chlorinated soivs. very si. sol. in water m.w. 98.96 dens. 1.2554 (20/ 4 C) vapor pressure 100 mm Hg (29.4 C) f.p. -35.5 C b.p. 83.5 C flash pt. 56 C ref. index 1.445... 

Properties Colorless to wh. crystals or powd., odorless, tasteless sol. in hot alcohol, benzene, chloroform, carbon disulfide, chlorinated and aromatic soivs. pract. insol. in cold alcohol, ether, petrol, ether insol. in water m.w. 891.45 dens. 0.943 (65 C) m.p. 71.6 C ref. index 1.4385 (80 C) nonionic Toxicology No known toxicity TSCA listed Precaution Combustible... 

Properties Wh. to It. yel. orthorhombic cryst. sol. in alcohol, benzene, ether, acetone, carbon disulfide, chloroform sol. 99 g/l in water insol. in pyridine, quinoline fumes in air m.w. 228.13 dens. 3.14 vapor pressure 1 mm Hg (49.2 C) m.p. 73 C b.p. 223.5 C ref. index 1.4600 Toxicology ACGIH TLV/TWA 0.5 mg (Sb)/m LD50 (oral, rat) 525 mg/kg mod. toxic by ing. human pulmonary effects by inh. irritant corrosive experimental reproductive effects mutation data reported TSCA listed Precaution DOT Corrosive material reacts violently with aluminum, potassium, sodium Hazardous Decomp. Prods. Heated to decomp., emits very toxic fumes of chlorine and antimony... 

Empirical CsHioO Formula CH3CH2CH3COHCCH Properties Colorless liq. acrid odor burning taste sol. in water, ether misc. with acetone, benzene, CCI4, ethyl acetate, oxygenated, chlorinated, and aromatic soivs. m.w. 98.16 dens. 0.8721 (20/20 C) f.p. -30.6 C b.p. 121.4 C flash pt. (TOC) 38.3 C ref. index 1.4310... 

Definition A mixture of isomeric monoalkyl phenols Empirical C15H24O Formula C9H19C6H4OH Properties Straw-colored clear vise, liq. si. phenolic odor sol. in benzene, chlorinated soivs., aniline, heptane, aliphatic alcohol, ethylene glycol, mostorg. soivs. insol. in water, dil. aq. NaOH m.w. 220.36 dens. 0.949 (20/4 C) b.p. 293-297 C flash pt. > 110 C ref. index 1.5110 (20 C) Toxicology LD50 (oral, rat) 1620 mg/kg, (skin,... 

CAS 68990-63-6 EINECS/ELINCS 273-616-2 Dehnition Oil expressed from fresh livers of sharks and other Elasmobranchii species Properties Yel. to red-brown liq., strong odor sol. in ether, chloroform, benzene, carbon disulfide, oxygenated and chlorinated soivs. dens. 0.917-0.928 iodine no. 125-155 sapon. no. 170-187 ref. index 1.4784 (20 C)... 

Properties Colorless gas R.T. readily liquefied fishy oily rancid sweaty odor saline taste sol. in water, alcohol, ether, benzene, toluene, xylene, chloroform, chlorinated and aromatic soivs. misc. with oxygenated soivs. m.w. 59.11 dens. 0.932 m.p. -117 C b.p. 2.9 C flash pt. 38 F ref. index 1.3443... 

Many cellulose derivatives form lyotropic liquid crystals in suitable solvents and several thermotropic cellulose derivatives have been reported (1-3) Cellulosic liquid crystalline systems reported prior to early 1982 have been tabulated (1). Since then, some new substituted cellulosic derivatives which form thermotropic cholesteric phases have been prepared (4), and much effort has been devoted to investigating the previously-reported systems. Anisotropic solutions of cellulose acetate and triacetate in tri-fluoroacetic acid have attracted the attention of several groups. Chiroptical properties (5,6), refractive index (7), phase boundaries (8), nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (9,10) and differential scanning calorimetry (11,12) have been reported for this system. However, trifluoroacetic acid causes degradation of cellulosic polymers this calls into question some of the physical measurements on these mesophases, because time is required for the mesophase solutions to achieve their equilibrium order. Mixtures of trifluoroacetic acid with chlorinated solvents have been employed to minimize this problem (13), and anisotropic solutions of cellulose acetate and triacetate in other solvents have been examined (14,15). The mesophase formed by (hydroxypropyl)cellulose (HPC) in water (16) is stable and easy to handle, and has thus attracted further attention (10,11,17-19), as has the thermotropic mesophase of HPC (20). Detailed studies of mesophase formation and chain rigidity for HPC in dimethyl acetamide (21) and for the benzoic acid ester of HPC in acetone and benzene (22) have been published. Anisotropic solutions of methylol cellulose in dimethyl sulfoxide (23) and of cellulose in dimethyl acetamide/ LiCl (24) were reported. Cellulose tricarbanilate in methyl ethyl ketone forms a liquid crystalline solution (25) with optical properties which are quite distinct from those of previously reported cholesteric cellulosic mesophases (26). 

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