Chitosan-sodium alginate

Research on nasal powder drug delivery has employed polymers such as starch, dextrans, polyacrylic acid derivatives (e.g., carbopol, polycarbophil), cellulose derivatives (microcrystalline cellulose, semicrystalline cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose), chitosan, sodium alginate, hyaluronans, and polyanhydrides such as poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride) (PVM/MA). Many of these polymers have already been used as excipients in pharmaceutical formulations and are often referred to as first-generation bioadhesives [38-45], In nasal dry powder a single bioadhesive polymer or a... 

Sodium alginate, chitosan, sodium alginate/chitosan In vitro Controlled drug release, promising properties as nasal drug carriers 53... 

Motwani, S.K., Chojna, S., Talegaonkar, S., Kohli, K., Ahmad, F.J., Khar, R.K. Chitosan-sodium alginate nanoparticles as submicroscopic reservoirs for ocular delivery Formulation, optimization and in vitro characterization. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 68, 513-525 (2008)... 

Another medical appUcalion of biopolymer-based microcapsules was reported by Hui et al. (2013). It was shown that a cotton fabric with embedded chitosan-sodium alginate (CSA) microcapsules loaded with traditional Chinese herbs, PentaHerbs, could be potentially used in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. The active ingredient used was gallic acid. The drug release from the chitosan-sodium alginate microcapsule was tested in vitro, under two simulated human skin conditions, in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) of pH 5.4 and 5.0. Fig. 5.12 demonstrates the fast release of gallic acid... 

Figure 5.12 Release profiles of gallic acid from chitosan-sodium alginate (CSA) microcapsules immersed in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) of pH 5.0 and pH 5.4.

Li Z, Chen P, Xu X, Ye X, Wang J. Preparation of chitosan-sodium alginate microcapsules containing ZnS nanoparticles and its effect on the drug release. Mater Sci Eng C. 2009 29(7) 2250-3. 

Smitha, B., S. Sridhar, and A. A. Khan, Chitosan-sodium alginate polyion complexes as fuel cell membranes , Eur. Polym. J., 41 (2005) 1859-1866. 

Malesu VK, Sahoo D, Nayak PL. (2011). Chitosan-sodium alginate nanocomposites blended with cloisite 30B as a novel drug deliveiy system for anticancer drug curcumin. Int j AppI Biol Pharm Technol, 2(3), 402-411. 

Coated CA fiber Cellulose acetate fibers coated with chitosan/sodium alginate and chitosan/polystyrene sulfonate [137]... 

Pullulan, carboxymethylcellulsoe, glycol chitosan, sodium alginate Cholesteryl residue 40-41,46,52-56... 

Takahashi, T., Takayama, K., Machida, Y., and Nagai, T. (1990). Characteristics of polyion complexes of chitosan with sodium alginate and sodium polyacrylate. Ini. J. Pharmaceut., 61, 35—41. 

El-Kamel, A., Sokar, M., Naggar, V., and A1 Gamal, S. (2002), Chitosan and sodium alginate-based bioadhesive vaginal tablets, AAPS PharmSci, 4, E44. 

Deposition of polyelectrolytes Lajimi et al. [56] explored the surface modification of nanofiltration cellulose acetate (CA) membranes by alternating layer-by-layer deposition of acidic chitosan (CHI) and sodium alginate (AEG) as the cationic and anionic polyelectrolyte, respectively. The supporting CA membranes were obtained by a phase separation process from acetone/formamide. The permeation rate of salted solutions was found to be higher than that of pure water. The rejection of monovalent salt was decreased, while that of divalent salt remained constant so that the retention ratio increased. Increasing the concentration of feed solutions enhanced this selectivity effect. 

Fig. 4 illustrates the complex coaeervation for systems 1 and 4. In system one, the complex is composed of two different polymer structures intermolecularly cross-linked (Fig. 4A), whereas in system 2, the complex is formed by the inter- and/or intramolecular bridging of a single polymer structure (Fig. 4B). Specific examples for the two complex types are sodium alginate (polyanion) with chitosan (polycation), and sodium alginate (polyanion)/calcium (divalent counterion), respectively.

Miyazaki S, Nakayama A, Oda M, et al. Drug release from oral mucosal adhesive tablets of chitosan and sodium alginate. Int J Pharm 1995 118 257-263. 

Two hydrogels of calcium alginate and chitosan-calcium alginate composite were prepared from Na alginate and its composite with chitosan by soaking in O.IM aq. CaCla. A biomimic fixation of aqueous COa - ions as CaCOa was performed. Each of the hydrogels was put into a dialysis membrane tube, and was soaked in 0.1 M aq. NaaCOa (pH 11) at room temperature for 1 day to afford a white precipitate of CaCOa or chitosan-CaCOa and a water-soluble sodium alginate. The dry chitosan-CaCOs composite (60% chitosan and 23% COa -) was stable in aqueous alkaline solutions and unstable in aqueous acidic solutions. 

Chatchawalsaisin J, Podczeck F. Newton JM. The influence of chitosan and sodium alginate and formulation variables on the formation and drug relea.se from pellets prepared by extrusion/spheronization. Int J Pharm 2004 275 41-60. 

Controlled degradation of chitosan, alginates and carrageenans — Upgrading and utilization of carbohydrates such as chitosan, sodium aiginate, carrageenan, cellulose,... 

Ishikawa K, Ducheyne P, Radin S (1993) Determination of the Ca/P ratio in calcium-deficient hydroxylapatite using X-ray diffraction analysis. J Mater Sci Mater in Med 4 165-168 Ishikawa K, Miyamoto Y, Kon M, Nagayama M, Asaoka K (1995) Non-decay type fast-setting calcium phosphate cement composite with sodium alginate. Biomaterials 16 527-532 Itatani K, Iwafune K, Howell FS, Aizawa M (2000) Preparation of various calcium-phosphate powders by ultrasonic spray freeze-drying technique. Mater Res Bull 35 574-85 Ito M, Hidaka Y, Nakajima M, Yagasaki H, Kafrawy AH (1999) Effect of hydroxylapatite content on physical properties and coimective tissue reactions to a chitosan-hydroxylapatite composite membrane. J Biomed Mater Res 45 204-208... 

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