Capillary electrophoresis chiral

Chiral capillary electrophoresis is one of the most exciting new application areas for CE. Interest in chiral CE is driven by the promise of low-cost, free-solution methods for separating a broad range of chiral species. The various HPLC methods are comparatively complex and frequently require the use of expensive columns. Chiral CE provides much higher efficiencies, thereby allowing quantitation of trace levels of enantiomers, which is difficult in HPLC. 

There are three possible approaches to the separation of chiral species by CE (1) addition of chiral selectors to the buffer, (2) use of a chiral stationary phase, and (3) precolumn derivatization. These correspond to the approaches in HPLC, and the separation mechanisms are described in Section 2.8. In the first approach, additives are added to CZE, CGE, or MECC buffers to effect the separation. In the second approach, chiral selectors can be immobilized on the capillary wall, although that is a difficult process. Alternatively, capillaries filled with enantiospecific packings can be employed for CEC. In the third approach, enantiomers are derivatized with chirally specific reagents prior to CZE or MECC. Addition of chiral selectors to the buffer is the most common approach. 

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Library of Cyclic Oligopeptides as Additives to Background Electrolyte for Chiral Capillary Electrophoresis... 

Chiral capillary electrophoresis Neutral and chargeable molecules with Chiral HPLC, chiral... 

P. A. (2000). Generic approach to chiral separations chiral capillary electrophoresis with ternary cyclodextrin mixtures. /. Microcol. Sep. 12, 568 — 576. 

Scriba, G. K. E. (2003). Pharmaceutical and biomedical applications of chiral capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography an update. Electrophoresis 24(15), 2409-2421. 

Amini, A. (2001). Recent developments in chiral capillary electrophoresis and applications of this technique to pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. Electrophoresis 22(15), 3107-3130. 

Sanger-van de Griend, C. E., Wahlstrom, H., Groningsson, K., and Widahl-Nasman, M. (1997). A chiral capillary electrophoresis method for ropivacaine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulations validation and comparison with chiral liquid chromatography. /. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 15(8), 1051-1061. 

Schmitt, U., Ertan, M., and Holzgrabe, U. (2004). Chiral capillary electrophoresis facts and fiction on the reproducibility of resolution with randomly substituted cyclodextrins. Electrophoresis 25, 2801-2807. 

Chankvetadze, B., and Blaschke, G. (1999). Selector-selectand interactions in chiral capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 20, 2592—2604. 

Eanali, S., Desiderio, C., Schulte, G., Heitmeier, S., Strickmann, D., Chankvetadze, B., and Blaschke, G. (1998). Chiral capillary electrophoresis-electrospray mass spectrometry coupling using vancomycin as chiral selector. /. Chromatogr. A 800, 69—76. 

G Schulte, S Heitmeier, B Chankvetadze, G Blaschke. Chiral capillary electrophoresis-electrospray mass spectrometry coupling with charged cyclodextrin derivatives as chiral selectors. J Chromatogr A 800 77-82, 1998. 

A D Hulst, N Verbeke. Quantitation in chiral capillary electrophoresis theoretical and practical considerations. Electrophoresis 15 854-863, 1994. 

B Chankvetadze. Separation selectivity in chiral capillary electrophoresis with charged selectors. J Chromatogr A 792 269-295, 1997. 

SAC Wren, RC Rowe, RS Payne. A theoretical approach to chiral capillary electrophoresis with some practical implications. Electrophoresis 15 774-778,... 

RMC Sutton, KL Sutton, AM Stalcup. Chiral capillary electrophoresis with noncyclic oligo- and polysaccharide chiral selectors. Electrophoresis 18 2297-2304, 1997. 

Liu, J. Volk, K. J. Mata, M. J. Kems, E. H. Lee, M. S. 1997. Analysis of amino acid enantiomers derived from antitumor antibiotics using chiral capillary electrophoresis. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 15,1729-1739. 

Rogan M. M. and Altria K. D., Introduction to the Theory and Applications of Chiral Capillary Electrophoresis. Beckman Instruments, Fullerton, California, 1993. 

Chiral chromatography (including liquid, gas, and thin-layer, as well as chiral capillary electrophoresis)... 

Fig. 1 Flow diagram indicating starting point and optimization procedure for enantiomeric separation of basic, acidic, and neutral compounds. [Adopted with kind permission from M. M. Rogan and K. D. Altria, Introduction to the theory and applications of chiral capillary electrophoresis, Beckman primer Vol. IV, p. 22, Part No. 726388.]...

S. Fanali, Controlling enantioselectivity in chiral capillary electrophoresis with inclusion complexation, J. Chromatogr. A 792 227 (1997). 

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The enantiomers of MQ and its five major monohydroxylated metabolites were analyzed by chiral capillary electrophoresis using acidic conditions and hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrin as buffer additive (01EL3270, 01MI96, 03EL2598, 03EL4078). 

LC is undoubtedly the most important technique in the chiral analysis of pharmaceuticals. However, that is not to say that chiral LC of pharmaceuticals is synonomous with chiral analysis of pharmaceuticals. The chiral selectors utilised in LC may be usefully deployed in a range of other analytical techniques. Despite this, chiral LC is more dominant now than it ever was. The early commercial developments in chiral analysis were in LC. The application of similar selector systems was demonstrated in other techniques but now with the notable exception of chiral capillary electrophoresis (CE) there is a strong reliance again on LC. 

Rizzi A., Fundamental aspects of chiral capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis, 22, 3079-3106... 

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