Chemokines ligands

Chemokines are small chemotactic cytokines that act as important messenger molecules between cells of the immune system. Chemokines produce their effects by activating a family of G-protein-coupled receptors. Chemokine receptors are all seven-transmembrane glycoproteins that are structurally related. They may be characterized into those that bind to specific ligands, or those that bind several chemokine ligands. There are also virally encoded (viral) chemokine receptors that represent shared receptors that have been transduced into the viral genome during evolutionary history (Premack and SchaU 1996). 

Menetski J, Mistry S, Lu M, Mudgett JS, Ransohoff RM, Demartino JA, Macintyre DE, Abbadie C (2007) Mice overexpressing chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) in astrocytes display enhanced nociceptive responses. Neuroscience 149 706-714... 

Opioid-Chemokine Interactions 16.2.1 Chemokine Ligands and Receptors... 

Hieshima K, Kawasaki Y, Hanamoto H, et al. CC chemokine ligands 25 and 28 play essential roles in intestinal extravasation of IgA antibody-secreting cells. J Immunol 2004 173 3668-3675. 

Broxmeyer HE, Cooper S, Kohli L, et al. Transgenic expression of stromal cell-derived factor-l/CXC chemokine ligand 12 enhances myeloid progenitor cell sur-vival/antiapoptosis in vitro in response to growth factor withdrawal and enhances myelopoiesis in vivo. J Immunol 2003 170(1) 421 429. 

Anders HJ, Frink M, Linde Y, et al. CC chemokine ligand 5/RANTES chemokine antagonists aggravate glomerulonephritis despite reduction of glomerular leukocyte infiltration. J Immunol 2003 170 5658-5666. 

Weninger W, Carlsen HS, Goodarzi M, et al. Naive T cell recruitment to nonlymphoid tissues a role for endothelium-expressed CC chemokine ligand 21 in autoimmune disease and lymphoid neogenesis. J Immunol 2003 170(9) 4638-4648. 

Shimaoka T, Nakayama T, Fukumoto N, et al. Cell surface-anchored SR-PSOX/ CXC chemokine ligand 16 mediates firm adhesion of CXC chemokine receptor 6-expressing cells. J Leukoc Biol 2004 75(2) 267-274. 

Chvatchko Y, Proudfoot AE, Buser R, et al. Inhibition of airway inflammation by amino-terminally modified RANTES/CC chemokine ligand 5 analogues is not mediated through CCR3. J Immunol 2003 171(10) 5498-5506. 

Choi ES, Jakubzick C, Carpenter KJ, et al. Enhanced monocyte chemoattractant protein-3/CC chemokine ligand-7 in usual interstitial pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004 170(5) 508-515. 

CXC Chemokine Ligands and Receptors That Have Been Implicated... 

Apostolakis S, Baritaki S, Kochiadakis GE, et al. Effects of polymorphisms in chemokine ligands and receptors on susceptibility to coronary artery disease. Thromb Res 2007 119 63-71. 

Joosten SA, Meigjaarden KE, Savage N, Boer TD, et al. 2007. Identification of a human CD8+ regulatory T cells subset that mediates suppression through the chemokine CC chemokine ligand 4. PNAS, 104 8029-8034. 

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