Chemical skin peeling

Chemical skin peeling agents are usually classified as producing superficial, medium, and deep peels (see Table 4.21) [288-290]. 

Chemical skin peeling with salicylic acid in ethanol or another vehicle may cause adverse effects of a stinging or burning sensation followed by postinflanunatory hyperpigmentation in treated areas. A formulation of 30 % salicylic acid in polyethylene glycol (SA-PEG) was tested in mice and 44 human volunteers [320, 321], It did... 

Water washing [293, 301, 308] and ice water application [325] have been utilized as post-peeUng measures to decrease the stinging sensation. Flooding the face with water several times a day in the shower, letting the water run from the top of the head down over the face, has been reconunended following chemical skin peels [278, 326]. 

Litton [284], one of the pioneer physicians in chemical skin peeling, ranaiked that almost all the scarring he had seen following chemical peels was due to TCA [284], A full-thickness injury and hypertrophic scarring may occur wheu the 50 % TCA solution is incorrectly prepared (50 g TCA in 50 mL distilled watCT rather than the correct 50 g TCA in 1(X) mL distilled water), resulting in a concentration much higher than 50 % [337]. 

Abdel-Daim M, Funasaka Y, Kamo T, Ooe M, Matsunaka H, Yanagita E, Itoh T, Nishigori C. Preventive effect of chemical skin peeling on ultraviolet induced skin tumor formation. J Dermatol Sci. 2010 60 21-8. 

Baker TJ, Gordon HL, Mosienko P, et al (1974) Longterm histological study of skin after chemical face peeling. Plast Reconstr Surg 53 522... 

Toxicity Acute, prolonged exposure in workplaces has caused a variety of health disorders in workers (e.g., erythema, edema, skin peeling, loss of appetite, muscle weakness, paresthesia, CNS depression, peripheral nerve disorders, skin and respiratory irritation, chemical pneumonia in children).7 In addition, rubber solvents, varnish, thinners, and petroleum spirits cause skin irritation, respiratory problems, and hematologic effects in workers all demand proper handling and chemical safety. 

These findings imply that there must be another explanation for the parakeratosis found in psoriasis aside from the increased cell division, decreased transit time, and lack of time necessary for dissolution of the nucleus to take place. Comparable findings, i.e., increased cell proliferation without parakeratosis, have been reported by Frost et al. in congenital lamellar ichthyosis (F20) and by Kurban and Azar in familial continual skin peeling (K8). One explanation which has been advanced is that the DNA is chemically altered or more firmly bound to protein since, according to Jarrett and Spearman (J3) and Steigleder et al. (S21), it is not as easily digested by DNase as is normal DNA. 

Rubin MG (1995) What are skin peels In Winters SR, James M, Caputo GR (eds) Manual of chemical peels superficial and medium depth, 1st edn. JB Lippincott Co, Philadelphia, pp 17-25... 

Chemical peelings are realized with more or less concentrated and strong acids. They can induce chemical skin bums. For skin quality results, it could be interesting and important to measure properly the pH after exposure to the chemical. A... 

Salicylic acid is a beta hydroxy acid. Glycolic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid, as are lactic acid, citric acid, and many others. Hydroxy acids are compounds that are both alcohols and acids at the same time. Hydroxy acids are used as chemical peeling agents. Alpha hydroxy acids can make the skin more sensitive to ultraviolet light by removing the skin s protective outer layers. Some alpha hydroxy acids ... 

Finally, glycolic acid is a member of the alpha-hydroxy acid family, which provides an important adjunctive therapy in a variety of skin disorders. It is widely used in chemical peels in a variety of concentrations, ranging from 20 to 70%. People of almost any skin type and color are candidates and almost any area of the body can be peeled. 

Moy LS, Peace S, Moy RL (1996) Comparison of the effect of various chemical peeling agents in a mini pig model. Dermatol Surg 22 429-432 Seitz JC, Whitemore CG (1988) Measurement of erythema and tanning response in human skin using a Tri-Stimulus colorimeter. Dermatologica 177 70-75... 

IC ACID CHEMICAL PEELING. The peel will be performed to improve the overall appearance of the skin at the site of treatment. Salicylic ac-... 

Fig. 7.ia-c. Medium depth chemical peel for widespread lentigines in type 11 skin, (a) Pre-operative, (b) 10 days status post medium depth chemical peel, (c) One month status post medium depth chemical peel... 

Following the chemical peel, patients are advised to wash their skin gently twice daily with a mild nondetergent cleanser. Acetic acid soaks (0.25%, 1 tablespoon of white vinegar in 1 pint of warm water) are performed up to four times... 

Monheit GD (1996) Skin preparation an essential step before chemical peeling or laser resurfacing. Cosmet Dermatol 9 9-14... 

The main indications for deep chemical peel include dyschromia, wrinkles, premalignant skin tumors, and acne scars. 

Originally, the ideal patient for deep chemical peel was a blond, blue-eyed woman of fair complexion. Our experience shows that phenol-based peels can be safely performed on olive- and dark-skinned patients with dark eyes... 

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