Chemical manufacturing, chemicals used hydrogen chloride

The U.S. domestic commercial potassium nitrate of the 1990s contains 13.9% N, 44.1% I+O, 0—1.8% Cl, 0.1% acid insoluble, and 0.08% moisture. The material is manufactured by Vicksburg Chemical Co. using a process developed by Southwest Potash Division of AMAX Corp. This process uses highly concentrated nitric acid to catalyze the oxidation of by-product nitrosyl chloride and hydrogen chloride to the mote valuable chlorine (68). The much simplified overall reaction is... 

Hydrogen chloride and the aqueous solution, muriatic acid, find appHcation in many industries. In general, anhydrous HCl is consumed for its chlorine value, whereas aqueous hydrochloric acid is often utilized as a nonoxidizing acid. The latter is used in metal cleaning operations, chemical manufacturing, petroleum well activation, and in the production of food and synthetic mbber. 

Chlorine (Cl), 6 130-211 9 280. See also Inorganic chlorine XeCl laser addition to fullerene, 12 240-241 analytical methods, 6 202 bleaching agent, 4 50 capacities of facilities, 6 193-198t catalyst poison, 5 257t chemical properties, 6 133-138 diffusion coefficient for dilute gas in water at 20° C, l 67t diffusion coefficient in air at 0° C, l 70t for disinfection, 8 605 economic aspects, 6 188-202 electrolytic preparation/production of, 12 759 16 40 end uses, 6 134-135 in fused quartz manufacture, 22 413 generating from hydrogen chloride, 13 833... 

Hydrochloric acid (HCL) is also known as hydrogen chloride, and in a less than pure form it is commonly called muriatic acid. It is used by many industries and is mainly obtained as a by-product of the organic chloride chemicals used in the manufacturing of plastics. It can be produced in pure form by exploding a mixture of hydrogen and chlorine gases. The stomachs digestive juice is a form of hydrochloric acid. 

Hydrogen chloride, HC1 (mp, -114°C bp, -84.8°C), may be encountered as a gas, pressurized liquid, or aqueous solution called hydrochloric acid, commonly denoted simply as HC1. This compound is colorless in the pure state and in aqueous solution. As a saturated solution containing 36% HC1, hydrochloric acid is a major industrial chemical, with U.S. production of about 2.3 million tons per year. It is used for chemical and food manufacture, acid treatment of oil wells to increase crude oil flow, and metal processing. 

Ethylene dichloride (EDC) is used to manufacture vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), which is one of the largest commodity chemicals produced in the world. EDC may be produced by the direct chlorination of ethylene or oxychlorination of ethylene in the presence of oxygen and hydrogen chloride. Pyrolysis of EDC produces VCM and an equal amount of hydrogen chloride as a co-product. This hydrogen chloride produced in the pyrolysis reactor is utilized by the oxychlorination process as one of the reactants. Therefore, the component processes of direct chlorination, EDC pyrolysis and oxychlorination are combined to develop a balanced process for the production of VCM with no net consumption or production of hydrogen chloride ... 

Use Manufacture of formaldehyde, acetic acid, and dimethyl terephthalate chemical synthesis (methyl amines, methyl chloride, methyl methacrylate) antifreeze solvent for nitrocellulose, ethylcellulose, polyvinyl butyral, shellac, rosin, manila resin, dyes denaturant for ethanol dehydrator for natural gas fuel for utility plants (methyl fuel) feedstock for manufacture of synthetic proteins by continuous fermentation source of hydrogen for fuel cells home-heating-oil extender. 

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