Chemical ionization environmental pollutant

Teratogenic agents may be drugs taken during pregnancy, radiation, both ionizing and non-ionizing, environmental pollutants, chemical hazards in the workplace, dietary deficiencies and natural contaminants. 

Isoo, K., Otsuka, K., and Terabe, S. (2001). Application of sweeping to micellar electrokinetic chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometric analysis of environmental pollutants. Electrophoresis 22, 3426-3432. 

FTIR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (technique useful in identifying and analyzing various unknown compounds, such as environmental pollutants) GC Gas chromatography (most commonly used analytical technique for organics) GC/MS Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (technique based on chromatographic separation, followed by chemical or electron-impact ionization and identification of the mass spectra of the ionized fragments)... 

Ion trap mass spectrometers demonstrate complete apphcabihty to these alkali metal ion attachment reactions due to their in-time confinement capability, which provides a high efficiency for alkali ion attachment reactions compared to conditions in a classical quadrupole ion source. This method should be of general interest to those needing to solve problems involving organic pollutants, samples diluted in a matrix, pyrolytic products and samples that are of environmental concern, in situations where classical chemical ionization techniques are not always satisfactory due to their structure-dependent responses. One of the main advantages of sodium ion attachment reactions for such analysis is that the ionization conditions are not pressure dependent, unlike conventional Cl ionization processes. 

Thome FA, Heavner DL, Ingebrethsen BJ, Eudy LW, Green CR (1986) Environmental tobacco smoke monitoring with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer coupled to a test chamber. Proc 79th Annual Meet Air Pollution Control Assoc. Air Pollution Control Assoc, Pittsburgh, paper 86-37.6 Thompson CV, Jenkins RA, Higgins CE (1989) A thermal desorption method for the determination of nicotine in indoor environments. Environ Sci Technol 23 429-435 Thomson BA, Davidson WR, Lovett AM (1980) Applications of a versatile technique for trace analysis atmospheric pressure negative chemical ionization. Environ Health Perspect 36 77-84... 

As an alternate ionization method to ESI, the atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) has been applied to the MEKC-MS system. In MEKC-APCTMS, an SDS micellar solution can be introduced directly into the interface without a severe decrease in MS intensity. For highly sensitive analysis of environmental pollutants, an application study of sweeping to MEKC hyphenated with MS using an APCI interface has been reported. 

Chemical analysis of hazardous substances in air, water, soil, sediment, or solid waste can best be performed by instrumental techniques involving gas chromatography (GC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), GC/mass spectrometry (MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AA) (for the metals). GC techniques using a flame ionization detector (FID) or electron-capture detector (BCD) are widely used. Other detectors can be used for specific analyses. However, for unknown substances, identification by GC is extremely difficult. The number of pollutants listed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are only in the hundreds — in comparison with the thousands of harmful... 

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