Cellulose pyroxylin

There were many other directions, however, in which the peaceful uses of giant molecules predominated. Fully nitrated cellulose was an explosive to be sure, but partially nitrated cellulose pyroxylin)... 

Cellulose nitrate (pyroxylin) [9004-70-0], made from cellulose and a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids, is called gun cotton and is used in explosives. Nitrates of lower DS find some appHcation in coatings and adhesives. 

Cellulose Nitrate (Pyroxylin) Rods (For Use in Ammunition) NC JAN-C-801 June 1949... 

COLLODION Cellulose Nitrate Solution, Nitrocellulose Solution, Pyroxylin Solution, Box Toe Gum Flammable Liquid, II 2 3 3... 

Solvents have been classified on various arbitrary bases (1) boiling point, (2) evaporation rate, (3) polarity, (4) industrial applications, (5) chemical composition, (6) proton donor and proton acceptor relationships, and (7) behavior toward a dye, Magdala Red, Thus on the basis of industrial application one can classify solvents as those for (1) acctyl-ccliulosc, (2) pyroxylin, 13) resins and lubber, (4) cellulose ether, (5) chlorinated rubber, (6) synthetic resins, and (7) solvents and blending agents for cellulose ester lacquers. Solvents classified according to chemical composition are noted below. 

Uses. Cellulose is the most important industrial org raw material in the world, and unlike mineral wealth, tile supply is replenishable continously. It is the basis of the textile paper-making industries. When nitrated,cellulose yields NC used in propints expls, collodion, "celluloid , pyroxylin lacqures, and a variety of miscellaneous products... 

Celluloid, one of the first plastics, is partially nitrated cellulose (known as pyroxylin) plasticized with camphor. 

The first true synthetic polymer was probably a material produced in 1865 by the English inventor Alexander Parkes (1813-90). Parkes synthesized this material by reacting cellulose (a natural polymer) with nitric acid and dissolving the product (called pyroxylin) in a mixture of alcohol, camphor, and castor oil. Parkes called his product parkesine, or Xylonite. Although the material had many desirable qualities (for example, it could be shaped and molded easily while still warm), it was too expensive to be a commercial success, and, perhaps more important, no one quite knew how to use the product. 

Celluloid, which was patented in the USA in 1870, is a combination of pyroxylin, camphor, and cellulose fiber. It could be molded under pressure, and could be made in any color. Later experiments revealed that certain additives increased its flexibility and luster. Most early celluloid was used to make small household and decorative objects, often in a white or cream color to imitate ivory. With the invention of motion pictures, celluloid became commonly used as film. 

Pyroxylin.— The term pyroxylin is generally used in this country as applying to the lower cellulose nitrates containing about 10.5-12.2... 

Collodions are preparations of cellulose nitrate (pyroxylin) dissolved in an organic solvent. The solvent evaporates rapidly and the resultant flexible film is used to hold a medicament, e.g. salicylic add, in contact with the skin. They are irritant and inflammable and are used to treat only small areas of skin. 

Synonyms Cellulose nitrate Nitrocotton Soluble gun cotton Pyroxylin Various trade names (C 2018, E 1440, H 1/2, BK2-W, BK2-Z, CA 80-15, Celex, Celloidion, Collodion Cotton, Collodion Wool, Xyloidin) lodion cotton Pyroxylin Col-loxylin Paralodion... 

Use Solvent for cellulose ethers and esters, various natural and synthetic resins flavoring agent fruit syrups cutting agent for pyroxylin. 

L-P-365, Cellulose Nitrate (Pyroxylin) Sheets, Rods, and Tubes, May 9, 1949. 

The inferred ratio of acid to starch seems to have been too low to produce appreciably more than about 7 % of nitrogen, although Pelouze, by using a large excess of nitric acid, made flammable products, some of which he detonated. He also found that nitrated starch is very unstable, a property that has hampered its industrial development throughout its history. He concluded that xyloidin and the new and fascinating cellulose derivative— pyroxylin —were different substances. 

A nitrated cellulose dampened with not less than 25% of organic solvent is mentioned as Pyroxylin in USP XXI and BP. It is also known as Colloxylin. It serves to prepare collodions (solutions in ether and alcohol). 

Pyroxylin 2141 C12Hm(0N02) 04 Cellulose nitrate guncotton. 

Collodions are liquid preparations composed of pyroxylin (soluble gun cotton, collodion cotton) dissolved in a solvent mixture composed of alcohol (94% ethanol) and ether with or without added medicinals. Pyroxylin is obtained by the action of nitric and sulfuric acids on cotton or other ceUulosic material to produce cellulose tetranitrate. Pyroxylin is completely soluble in 25 parts of a mixture of 3 volumes of ether and 1 volume of alcohol. It is extremely flammable and must be stored in a well-closed container away from flame, heat, and light. Collodions are intended for external use as a protective coating to the skin. When medicated, it leaves a thin layer of that medication firmly placed against the skin. 

AVICEL (9004-34-6) (C HioO,), Combustible solid. Fine dust can form explosive mixture with air (flash point 770°F/410°C Fire Rating 1). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers including bromine pentafluoride fluorine, hydrogen peroxide perchlorates, perchloric acid peroxides sodium hypochlorite sodium nitrate sodium nitrite zinc permanganate. On small fires, use HjO, foam, dry chemical, or CO2 extinguishers. Nitration with a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids produces cellulose nitrates (celluloid pyroxylin, soluble pyroxyline, gimcotton) which are flammable or explosive. 

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