Cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol

Some materials such as water, alcohols, carboxylic acids and primary and secondary amines may be able to act simultaneously as proton donors and acceptors. Cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol are two polymers which also function in this way. 

Surface Modifications of Cellulose and Polyvinyl Alcohol, and Determination of the Surface Density of the Hydroxyl Group... 

Sakurada, I., T. Okasa, Hatakeyama, and F. Kimura. Radiation-induced graft copolymerization onto cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol fibers with binary mixtures of comonomers. J. Polymer Sci. C 4, 1233 (1964). 

Michaels JD, Kunas KT Papoutsakis ET (1992) Fluid-mechanical damage of freely-suspended cells in agitated bioreactors effects of dextran, derivatized celluloses and polyvinyl alcohol. Chemical Engineering Communications 118 341-360. 

Methyl cellulose is very popular as a water-soluble polymer used as a cement modifier, and has been widely used in the field of adhesive polymer-modified mortars for ceramic tiles since the early 1960s.( In this case, die polymer content (to the cement used) is 1% or less. Shibazakil l showed that other polymers, such as hydroxyetfayl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (poval) are effective for the water-soluble polymer-modified mortars. 

There are two general types of water-based adhesives solutions and latexes.Solutions are made from materials that are soluble only in water or in alkaline water. Examples of materials that are soluble only in water include animal glue, starch, dextrin, blood albumen, methyl cellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol. Examples of materials that are soluble in alkaline water include casein, rosin, shellac, copolymers of vinyl acetate or acrylates containing carboxyl groups, and carboxymethyl cellulose. 

The organotin halide chosen for most of this study was dibutyltin dichloride because of its low cost relative to other organotin halides and the observation from previous studies that other polymers, namely cellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol, which were modified through condensation with dibutyltin dichloride, showed good activity against a number of fungi tested. ... 

In the common procedure extremely large oil-water interfacial area is generated and the particle nuclei grow in size with the progress of the polymerization. Thus, effective stabilizers such as ionic and non-ionic surfactants and protective colloids e.g. hydroxyethyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol), which can be physically adsorbed or chemically incorporated onto the particle surface, are often required to prevent the interactive latex particles from coagulation. Under the circumstances, satisfactory colloidal stability can be achieved via the electrostatic stabilization mechanism [268], the steric stabilization mechanism [269] or both. 

Nonwovens have been well established as traditional materials for alkaline batteries, NiCd and NiMH cells, and for absorbed glass matt (AGM) lead—acid batteries. Alkaline batteries use a variety of materials, mostly composed of wet-laid cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). NiCd and NiMH use a variety of materials, from spunbond and melt blown to dry-laid materials. Lead—acid AGM batteries use a wet-laid glass matt as the separator, often in conjunction with another membrane. These materials range in thickness from 100 to 300 pm. One review article in 2007 even states that for lithium ion cells, nonwoven not possible. However, these traditional nonwovens are a significant industrial market for several manufacturers, with total sales into these types of cells of 450 million globally. 

Beginning with polyvinyl alcohols and PVP we found that more than 20 hydrophilic polymers formed colored inclusion or clavic compounds with I3 in aqueous solution " . Rates of formation were studied and promotion by salts and lower temperatures was discovered. Doubt was cast upon the old theory that amylose, cellulose, and polyvinyl alcohols (PVA) require helical conformations for the insertion of iodine. While studying PVA-iodine complexes a novel method of making PVA fibers from foams was discovered . 

The pore sizes of separators made from nonwoven fibers vary from 1 to 100 pm. The fibers for this type of separator are manufactured primarily for the textile industry and include polyolefins, cellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol. The fibers are bonded by friction, cohesion, or adhesion into sheets, webs, or mats. The nonwoven separators have highly desirable properties such as uniform weight, thickness, and porosity and they exhibit superior stabihty to electrolytes. This type of separator... 

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