Ceftazidime Cefuroxime

Noninterfering acetaminophen, acyclovir, allopurinol, amoxicillin, amphotericin B, am-picillin, aspirin, azlocillin, bendrofluazide, bumetanide, buprenorphine, carbenidllin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, cephalexin, chlorambucil, chloramphenicol, chlordiazepoxide, chlorpheniramine, chlorpropamide, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporin, C5d arabine, daunorubicin, dextropropoxyphene, dihydrocodeine, domperidone, flucytosine, furosemide, gentamicin, griseofulvin, melphalan, methotrexate, metochlo-pramide, metronidazole, miconazole, nabilone, netilmicin, nicotinamide, nitrazepam, penicillin G, piperacillin, prednisolone, procarbeizine, prochlorperazine, riboflavin, rifampin, sulfamethoxazole, thioguanine, tobramycin, tolbutamide, trimethoprim... 

The cephalosporins distribute in satisfactory concentrations to most tissues except the central nervous system. Only cefepime, cefuroxime (Zinacef), cefotaxime (Claforan), ceftriaxone Rocephin), and ceftazidime (Eortaz) achieve therapeutic concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid. Cefotaxime and ceftriaxone are antibiotics of first choice for the empirical treatment of brain abscess and meningitis. 

Penicillins (bactericidal inhibit cell wall crosslinking) e.g., benzylpenicillin, phenoyxmethylpenicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, flu-cloxacillin, methicillin, piperacillin Cephalosporins (bactericidal inhibit cell wall crosslinking) e.g., cefaclor, cefalexin, cefradine, cefuroxime, cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefoxitin, cefsulodin, ceftazidime, ceftizoxime Monobactams (bactericidal, P-lactam-like activity) e.g., aztreonam... 

First-generation cephalosporins cefazolin for parenteral administration cefadroxil or cephalexin for oral administration. Second-generation cephalosporins cefuroxime for parenteral administration cefaclor, cefuroxime axetil, cefprozil, for oral administration. Third-generation cephalosporins ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone for parenteral administration cefixime, cefpodoxime, ceftibuten, cefdinir, cefditoren for oral administration. Fourth-generation cephalosporin cefepime for parenteral administration. Cephamycins cefoxitin and cefotetan for parenteral administration. 

Ceftazidime (I), cefuroxime (II), cefotaxime (III) Determination of I, n, and III and their degradation products using 1 st derivative [56]... 

Davies SP, Lacey LF, Kox WJ, Brown EA. Pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime and ceftazidime in patients with acute renal failure treated by continuous arteriovenous haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1991 6 971-6. 

Neurotoxicity has been reported with intracerebroventricular cefazolin (12) and with systemic cefazolin (13-15), cefepime (16), cefotaxime (17-19), ceftazidime (20,21), and cefuroxime (22). Ceftazidime also caused truncal asterixis (23) and absence status and toxic hallucinations (24). Even the least epileptogenic of 15 cephalosporins, namely cefonicid (11), caused seizures (25), although this effect was disputed (26). As expected, seizures after systemic treatment were predominant in uremic patients, and neurotoxicity has been associated with intraperitoneal ceftazidime therapy in a patient... 

Whereas many cephalosporins such as cefaclor, cefadroxil, cefonicid, ceforanide, ceftazidime, cefti-zoxime, cefuroxime, cephalexin, and cephradine are not metabolized, cefamandole naftate is rapidly hydrolyzed in plasma to cefamandole, which has greater antibacterial activity than the parent compound. Ceftriaxone is metabolized to a small extent to micro-biologically inactive metabolites in the intestines after biliary excretion. Cefuroxime axetil is rapidly hydrolyzed to cefuroxime, the microbiologically active form of the drug, by nonspecific esterases in the intestinal mucosa and blood following oral administration. The axetil moiety is further metabolized to acetaldehyde and acetic acid [93]. 

Phenylmercuric acetate is reported to be incompatible with cefuroxime and ceftazidime. ... 

Hill DB, Barnes AR. Compatibility of phenylmercuric acetate with cefuroxime and ceftazidime eye drops. Int J Pharm 1997 147 127-129. 

Parenterally administered cephalosporins that are metabolically stable and that are resistant to many types of (3-lactamases include cefuroxime, cefamandole, cefotaxime and cefoxitin, which has a 7(3-methoxy group at R2. Injectable cephalosporins with anti-pseudomonal activity include ceftazidime, cefsulodin and cefoperazone. 

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