Cefoxitin

Antibiotics. Cephaloridine and Cephalothin (Glaxo) were early thiophene-containing, cephalosporin antibiotics. They have largely been replaced by later products, of which Cefoxitin [35607-66-0] (Merck) (51) is the principal thiophene-containing example (see Antibiotics). 

Cefuroxime (35) is effective against community-acquired pneumonia in which ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influence is the probable etiologic agent. Cefoxitin (23) is used to treat mixed aerobic—anaerobic infections including pelvic infections, intra-abdorninal infections, and nosocomial aspiration pneumonia. Cefonicid (31), because of its long half-life has been used in a once-a-day regimen to treat a variety of mild to moderate infections including community-acquired pneumonias, urinary tract infections, and infections of the skin and soft tissue (132,215). 

Cephalosporins first entered the marketplace in 1964, when cephalothin (27) and cephaloridine (51), which are both injectable, were launched. By the late 1970s, the injectable cephalosporins had become important therapeutic agents in the hospitals. Also in 1964 the first oral cephalosporin, cephaloglycin [3577-01 -3] C gH N OgS, was launched only to be displaced by the end of the year by cephalexin (12). For years cephalexin was the leading oral cephalosporin on the market. It has since been displaced by cefaclor (13). With the advent of the more -lactamase stable cephalosporins such as cefoxitin (23) and cefuroxime (35), and the more potent agents such as cefotaxime (36) and other third-generation compounds, cephalosporins now dominate the antibiotic market worldwide. 

Although most /3- lactam antibiotics bind covalently to some or all of the same six proteins, there are decided differences among them in terms of their relative affinities. For example, cefoxitin (see Table 1 for structures) fails to bind to protein 2 while cephacetrile binds very slowly to proteins 5 and 6. Cephaloridine binds most avidly to protein 1, the transpeptidase, and inhibits cell elongation and causes lysis at its minimum inhibitory concentration. On the other hand, cephalexin binds preferentially to protein 3 and causes inhibition of cell division and filament formation (75PNA2999, 77MI51002). 

Cefmetazole (78) is a cephamycin-inspired cephalosporin differing from the mainstream compounds in having an aliphatic amide moiety attached to C-7. Its antibacterial spectrum is similar to the second generation agent cefoxitin. The synthesis starts with 7-aminocephalosporan-... 

Benzhydryl-3-carbamyloxymethy -7a-hydroxy-7/3-(2-thienylacetamido)-decephalosporanate Cefoxitin sodium Benzhydryl piperazine Cinnarizine Cyclizine Benzilic acid... 

Amezinium methyl sulfate Bromopride Cefoxitin sodium Cimetide... 

First generation-cephalexin (Keflex), cefazolin (Ancef), cephapirin (Cefadyl) Second generation-cefaclor (Cedor), cefoxitin (Mefoxin), cefuroxime (Zinacef)... 

The physician prescribes 1 g of Mefoxin (cefoxitin) for parenteral administration. Mefoxin is available in a solution of250 mg/1 mL. What amount of Mefoxin would the nurse prepare ... 

C33H51N5O11S2 83292-23-.3) see Cefoxitin [6/(-[6a,7a,7(/ )]]-3-[[(aminocarbonyl)oxy]methyll-7-[[6-(diphenylmethoxy)-l,6-dioxo -S-[[(2,2,2-trichloroethoxy)-carbonyl]aminolhexyl]amino]-7-methoxy-8-oxo-S-thia-l-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid diphenylme-thyl ester... 

BrN3 13973-87-0) see Cefoxitin bromoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal (C6H 3Bt02 2032-35-1) see Domiodol bromoacetaldehyde ethylene acetal (C4H7Br02 4360-63-8) see Carbimazole IV-bromoacetamide... 

C1H5CIO 107-30-2) see Cefoxitin Troglitazone 3 (chloromethyl) l melhylplperidine methyMA5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine (QHi,CIN2) see Oxyphencyclimine... 

---