Cassia siamea

This seed polysaccharide has been grafted with acrylonitrile under micro-wave (MW) irradiation without adding any radical initiator or catalyst [46] as needed by other Cassia gums. Various properties of the MW synthesized grafted gum such as water/saline retention, water retention after saponification, and viscosity of the gum solutions have been compared with the conventionally synthesized grafted gum and the parent gum. 

This chapter has elaborated how the properties of Cassia seed gums in general can be tailored by chemical modification, whereupon they can be exploited as useful dye flocculants and heavy metal adsorbents depending upon their solubility in water. 

The disposal of the spent adsorbent and recovery of dye/metal ions from it needs to be addressed in more detail. However, the presence of a natural food source with the dye molecules may aid the biodegradation of the dyes in subsequent processes. In any case, the disposal of such adsorbent/dye/metal ion complex would be preferable to the disposal of complexes with alum, silicates, or activated carbon. As such, there is a requirement for these proposed adsorbents to be able to perform at higher concentrations. Furthermore, such higher concentration studies related to adsorption isotherms would provide further insight into the mechanisms and capacity for adsorption of dyes on Cassia seed gums. 

International legume data base information service, version 10,2005. 

Cunningham and K. B. Walsh, Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture Vol. 42, 

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Cassia Siamea Lam. Alkaloid, Ci HjgOjN. Toxie. (Wells, Philipp. J. Sci., 1919, 14, 1.)... 

Robinobioside Cassia siamea stem bark Leguminosae 369... 

Tripathi, A.K. and Singh, J., A flavonoid glycoside from Cassia siamea, Fitoterapia, 64, 90, 1993. 

Shafiullah, M. et al., A new isoflavone C-glycoside from Cassia siamea, Fitoterapia, 66, 439, 1995. 

Cassia siamea Lam. Tie Dao Mu (leaf, flower, fruit) Chrysophanic acid, chrysarobin, oxymethyl anthraquinone.60 A tonic to relieve stomach pains. 

Cassia siamea Lamark Cycas revoluta Thunb. 

Carum carvi, Ligusticum jeholense, L. pyrenacum, L. sinense, L. tenuissimum Chrysanthemum boreale, C. indicum, C. lavandulaefolium, C. procumbens, C. tripartium, Senecio argunensis, S. nemorensis, S. scandens Chrysanthemum jucundum, C. koraiense, C. morifolium, C. sinense Chrysanthemum boreale, C. indicum, C. lavandulaefolium, C. procumbens, C. tripartium Cassia siamea... 

Catecholamine release (CAT-REL) Dopamine release (D-REL) Norepinephrine release (NE-REL) Serotonin release (5HT-REL) Alkaloid Barakol (= 3a,4-Dihydro- Cassia siamea [leaf] 6.2 6.2a D-REL (no effect on D uptake)... 

Cassia siamea Corydalis speciosa Dolicothele longimamma... 

Cassia siamea Lam. Bukkasia Fever and malaria Rheumatoid arthritis aehes (L) Leaves on the head or water boiling water boiling... 

The presumed biosynthetic precursor of 6-methoxymellein, 6-hydroxymellein (10), has also been isolated from carrot roots stored under stress (ref.32). This compound was first isolated from a mutant of Aspergillus terreus (ref.42) and subsequently has been found in the bar)c of Tabebuia avellanedae (ref. 43) and produced by the fungi Pyricularla oryzae (ref. 44) and Ceratocystis minor (ref.45). Recently, the ( + )-6-hydroxymellein isomer has been isolated from the flowers of Cassia siamea (ref.46) and from a fungus of the genus Discula (ref.47). 

N. Khare, P. Dubey, P.C. Gupta, Structural study of a new complex polysaccharide from Cassia siamea Planta Medica, Supplement, p.76-80,1980. 

Outside these two families, however, no other plants have been found to produce real tetrahydro-, dihydro-, and fully aromatic isoquinoline alkaloids in a polyacetate way. Closely related, but chemically a lactam, is siamine (40) from Cassia siamea Lam. (Leguminosae) (42). The structure suggests a biogenesis from a pentaketide precursor 41 (Fig. 2), thus requiring one acetate unit less than each of the naphthyl isoquinoline alkaloid moieties. 

Cassiamin, a 2,2 -dianthraquinone derivative, has been isolated from the bark of Cassia siamea Lam. and separated from other anthra-quinones on siMca gel G layers using benzene-acetone (80 + 20) [35]. Similar compounds have been foxmd as metaboHtes of Penicillium species thus, with the help of TLC, skyrin, a l,4 -dianthraquinone derivative, has been detected in the mycelium of Preussia multis pora [150]. 

Srivastava C, Siddiqui IR, Singh J, Tiwaii HP (1992) An antifeedant and insecticidal steroid and a new hydroxyl ketone from Cassia siamea bark. J Ind Chem Soc 69 111 Chao- C-H, Chou K-J, Wen Z-W, Wang G-H, Wu Y-C, Dai C-F, Shen J-H (2011) Paraminabeolides A-F, cytotoxic and anti-inilanmiatory marine withanolide from the soft coral Paraminabea acronocephala 74(5) 1132-1141... 

Isol. from peel of Cassia siamea and from leaves of C. occidentalis. Red microneedles (CgHg/EtOAc). Mp 323-325° dec. 

Wagner H, El-Sayyad SM, Seligmann O, Chari VM 1978 Chemical consituents of Cassia siamea. I. 2-methyl-5-acetonyl-7-hydroxy-chromone (cassiachromone). Planta Med 33 259-261... 

Alhagi pseudalhagi (Bieb.) Desv. Calycotome spinosa Link Cassia siamea Lam. 

The isoquinolone siamine found in the Caesalpiniaceae plant Cassia siamea has an oxygenation pattern clearly different from other isoquinolones and also carries a methyl substituent at carbon-3. This compound is probably not derived from an aromatic amino acid but rather from structurally related polyketides that occur in the same plant (Ahn et al. 1978). 

Ahn BC, Degen U, Lienjayetz C, Pachaly P, Zymalkowski F (1978) Inhaltstoffe von Cassia siamea. Arch Pharm 311 569-578... 

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