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Carrageenans classes

Carrageenan. The term carrageenan [19000-07-1] is the generic description for a complex mixture of sulfated polysaccharides that are extracted from certain genera and species of the class Fhodophjceae red seaweed. [Pg.433]

Stabilizers and Thickeners. Many food products receive their textural properties from a group of compounds known as hydrocolloids. Hydrocolloids fall into Iwo classes polysaccharides and proteins. They include loeust bean gum. guar gum, gum arabic. carrageenan, xanthan gum. cellulose. agar, starch, pectin, alginates, and gelatin. See also Stablizer. [Pg.671]

Class A. Water-soluble synthetic and natural organic polymers, which increase the viscosity of the mixing water. They include cellulose ethers, pregelatinized starches, polyethylene oxides, alginates, carrageenans, polyacrylamide, carboxyvinyl polymers and polyvinyl alcohol. [Pg.228]

A class of hydrophilic colloids (hydrocolloids) derived from various seaweeds. This class includes agar, algin, furcellaran, and carrageenan. [Pg.392]

The USPNF 23 describes carrageenan as the hydrocolloid obtained by extraction with water or aqueous alkali from some members of the class Rhodophyceae (red seaweed). It consists chiefly of potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, and ammonium sulfate esters of galactose and 3,6-anhydrogalac-tose copolymers. These hexoses are alternately linked at the a-1,3 and P-1,4 sites in the polymer. [Pg.124]

Some members of the lanostane class from Pistacia integerrima (Anacardiaceae) galls proved to be very potent. When administered at only 5 mg/kg i.p. they reduced carrageenan inflammation. Pistacigerrimone A (70%) and pistacigerrimone D (62%) were especially effective [67]. [Pg.118]

Carrageenan is a linear polysaccharide more specifically, it is a galactan with galactose residues. This polymer is obtained by extraction with water or alkaline water of certain species of the class Rhodophyceas (red seaweeds). Because... [Pg.563]

Diclofenac is synthesized from N-phenyl-2,6-dichloroaniline (52). It is available in 120 different countries and, perhaps, is the most widely used NSAID in the world. It was introduced in the United States in 1989 but was first marketed in Japan in 1974. It ranks among the top prescription drugs in the United States. Diclofenac possesses structural characteristics of both arylalkanoic acid and the anthranilic acid classes of anti-inflammatory drugs, and it displays anti-inflammatory, analgetic, and antipyretic properties. In the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema assay, it is twice as potent as indomethacin and 450 times as potent as aspirin. As an analgetic, it is six times more potent than indomethacin and 40 times as potent as aspirin in the phenyl benzoquinone-induced writhing assay in mice. As an antipyretic, it is twice as potent as indomethacin and more than 350 times as potent as aspirin in the yeast-... [Pg.1461]

Carrageenan, a broad generic class of sulfated polysaccharides derived from a wide range of seaweed species, can be classified as non-conventlonal fiber and is used in food as an emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener and gelling agent. [Pg.5]

There are three main commercial classes of carrageenan (Figure 1.25). [Pg.17]

Since Rocha e Silva et al. [76] have reported that a number of sulphated polymers show antiinflammatory potential, counter irritation has been discussed as one possible mechanism. Beside turpentine [71] and sulphated polysaccharides, a neutral glucan was also found to possess irritating and inflammation-inducing activity [77]. Most likely this class of polysaccharides also exhibits antiinflammatory effects in the carrageenan rat paw edema through counter irritation. This could be of great importance in acute animal inflammation models, since Ferreira et al. [78] demonstrated that counter irritant effects were able to reduce edema formation as early as 2 h after administration of the irritating substance. [Pg.31]

The antiviral properties of anionic polymers have recently received a lot of attention as agents to protect against infection with sexually transmitted diseases. Due to the cationic nature of most viruses, several anionic polymers are known to bind viruses. As early as the 1960s, researchers had studied the anti-viral properties of a variety of synthetic polymers [118]. However, not all anionic polymers inactivate viruses. Several classes of anionic polymers have been studied for their ability to inactivate the HIV virus. These polymers include poly(styrene-4-sulfonate), 2-naphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde polymer, and acrylic acid-based polymers. Certain chemically modified natural polymers (i.e., semisynthetic) such as dextrin/dextran sulfates, cellulose sulfate, carrageenan sulfate, and cellulose acetate phthalate have also been investigated for this purpose. Of a number of such anionic polymers that have shown in-vitro and in vivo anti-HIV activity, a couple of polymeric drug candidates have proceeded to early stage human clinical trials for the evaluation of safety/tolerability [119]. While most of these have shown the desired tolerability and safety, further clinical trials are necessary to discern the therapeutic benefit and see if anionic polymers will be applicable as anti-HIV therapies. [Pg.40]


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Carrageenans 1-carrageenan

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