Naphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde

The antiviral properties of anionic polymers have recently received a lot of attention as agents to protect against infection with sexually transmitted diseases. Due to the cationic nature of most viruses, several anionic polymers are known to bind viruses. As early as the 1960s, researchers had studied the anti-viral properties of a variety of synthetic polymers [118]. However, not all anionic polymers inactivate viruses. Several classes of anionic polymers have been studied for their ability to inactivate the HIV virus. These polymers include poly(styrene-4-sulfonate), 2-naphthalenesulfonate-formaldehyde polymer, and acrylic acid-based polymers. Certain chemically modified natural polymers (i.e., semisynthetic) such as dextrin/dextran sulfates, cellulose sulfate, carrageenan sulfate, and cellulose acetate phthalate have also been investigated for this purpose. Of a number of such anionic polymers that have shown in-vitro and in vivo anti-HIV activity, a couple of polymeric drug candidates have proceeded to early stage human clinical trials for the evaluation of safety/tolerability [119]. While most of these have shown the desired tolerability and safety, further clinical trials are necessary to discern the therapeutic benefit and see if anionic polymers will be applicable as anti-HIV therapies. 

In the manufacture of 2-naphthalenol, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid must be converted to its sodium salt this can be done by adding sodium chloride to the acid, and by neutralizing with aqueous sodium hydroxide or neutralizing with the sodium sulfite by-product obtained in the caustic fusion of the sulfonate. The cmde sulfonation product, without isolation or purification of 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, is used to make 1,6-, 2,6-, and 2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acids and 1,3,6-naphthalenetrisulfonic acid by further sulfonation. By nitration, 5- and 8-nitro-2-naphthalenesulfonic acids, [89-69-1] and [117-41-9] respectively, are obtained, which are intermediates for Cleve s acid. All are dye intermediates. The cmde sulfonation product can be condensed with formaldehyde or alcohols or olefins to make valuable wetting, dispersing, and tanning agents. 

Naphthalenesulfonic Acid—Formaldehyde Condensates. The sodium salts of the condensation products of naphthalenesulfonic acid with formaldehyde constitute an important class of compounds which are mainly used in the area of concrete additives (32,33), agricultural formulations, mbber formulations, and synthetic tanning agents. They are also used in photographic materials (34). Hampshire Chemical Co. and Henkel of America, Inc., are the largest suppHers of naphthalene sulfonate in concrete additives (superplasticizer) and reportedly hold 75—80% of this market. It was estimated that naphthalene sulfonate demand from U.S. producers would reach approximately... 

The most commonly used emulsifiers are sodium, potassium, or ammonium salts of oleic acid, stearic acid, or rosin acids, or disproportionate rosin acids, either singly or in mixture. An aLkylsulfate or aLkylarenesulfonate can also be used or be present as a stabilizer. A useful stabilizer of this class is the condensation product of formaldehyde with the sodium salt of P-naphthalenesulfonic acid. AH these primary emulsifiers and stabilizers are anionic and on adsorption they confer a negative charge to the polymer particles. Latices stabilized with cationic or nonionic surfactants have been developed for special apphcations. Despite the high concentration of emulsifiers in most synthetic latices, only a small proportion is present in the aqueous phase nearly all of it is adsorbed on the polymer particles. 

If the metal complex dyes carry two sulfo groups, they are suitable for dyeing suede with hair reservation. For full penetration on suede, dyeing starts at a weakly alkaline pH of 8 (mostly adjusted with ammonia), and anionic dye-penetration agents such as naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate. Finally, the dyes are fixed with an organic acid, preferably formic acid, at a pH of ca. 3.5. 

Furfural-salicylic acid and furfural-P-naphthalenesulfonic acid resins possess thermal stabilityexceeding that of KU-1 (sulfonated phenol-formaldehyde resin) and approaching that of KU-2 (sulfonated SDVB copolymer). The heat resistance of toluenesulfonic acid-furfural resin is quite similar to that of KU-2 resin. The improved thermal stability of furfural-based cation-exchange resins is attributed to the presence of heterocyclic and aromatic rings in these resins. 

Yaginuma patented interfacial membranes made by condensation of poly-alicyclic diisocyanates and diacyl halides with polyethylenimine or polyepia-mine.44 This approach was claimed to provide high organic rejections simultaneously with low salt rejections, whereas comparative data for typical aromatic diisocyanates or diacyl halides showed high rejections for both types of solutes. However, only a wastewater product, naphthalenesulfonic acid/formaldehyde condensate, was used in the testing of such membranes. 

Temperature, 40° C time, several hours conversion, 90%. Data taken from Neal and Mayo (1954). sodium salt of naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product. y... 

Naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate, sodium salt Naphthalenesulfonic acid, polymer with formaldehyde, sodium salt. See... 

Synonyms Naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate, sodium salt Naphthalenesulfonic acid, polymer with formaldehyde, sodium salt Sodium naphthalene-formaldehyde sulfonate Sodium naphthalene-formaldehyde sulfonate polymers Sodium polynaphthalenemethane sulfonate Sodium salt of sulfonated naphthalene-formaldehyde condensate... 

Formaldehyde methyl ketal. See Methylal Formaldehyde-naphthalenesulfonic acid copolymer. See Naphthalene-formaldehyde sulfonate... 

Synonyms Formaldehyde-naphthalenesulfonic acid copolymer Naphthalenesulfonic acid, polymer with formaldehyde Formula (C10H9O3S CH20)x Properties M.w. 238.264 anionic Uses Dispersant for wettable powds., dry flowables, and aq. suspension pesticides water reducer for concrete moldings Manuf./Distrib. Charkit http //www.charkit.com-, Hampshire http //www.dow.com/hampshire-, R.T. Vanderbilt http //www.rtvanderbiit.com-, Rhodia HPCII http //www.rhodia-hpcii.com-, Rutgers Org. http //www.ruetgers-organics-corp.com... 

A sodium salt of naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product. 

Condensation products from naphthalenesulfonic acids and formaldehyde are also used as additives to improve the flow behavior of concrete. The degree of condensation (n) of these products, with a worldwide production of around 40,000 tpa, ranges from 5 to 8. 

Synonyms Formaldehyde-naphthalenesulfonic acid copolymer Naphthalene-sulfonic acid, polymer with formaldehyde Ionic Nature Anionic Formula (C,(,H903S CHjO),... 

Naphthalenesulfonic acid, polymer with formaldehyde, sodium salt... 

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