Antipyretic properties

Sahcylamide [65-45-2] is prepared by the reaction of methyl sahcylate with ammonia. Sahcylamide has mild analgesic, antiinflammatory, and antipyretic properties. Sahcylamide is unlike other sahcylates in that it causes sedation and central nervous system depression. Sahcylamide is not hydroly2ed to sahcylate and its action depends on the entire molecule. Sahcylamide has been useful for protection against mil dew and fungus in a variety of soaps, salves, lotions, and oils. The May 1996 price was 8.00/kg (18). 

Most of the pharmacologically active indazole derivatives are useful as antiinflammatory drugs, e.g. bendazac or [(1-benzyl-l J/-indazol-3-yl)oxy]acetic acid (LDso in mice and rats of 355 and 388mgkg i.p., respectively) and benzydamine or l-benzyl-3-[3-(dimethyl-amino)propoxy]-l//-indazole (LDso in mice and rats of 110 and lOOmgkg" i.p., respectively). The last cited compound also has analgesic and antipyretic properties (B-76MI40404). 

Lofemi/ole (86) is an arylalkylimidazole-containing agent with antiinflammatory, analge SIC, and antipyretic properties It is conveniently synthesized from 1 (4 chlorobenzoyl)ethanol (85) by reaction with dmmonium formate or formamide [29]... 

Aspirin is a rather simple molecule that has important analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is known how aspirin works it is an irreversible inhibitor of COX. In fact, there are three human COX enzymes more about this follows below. 

Aspirin possesses analgesic, anti-injlammatory and antipyretic properties. 

Dimethylbiguanide has been said (232) to be analgesic, antipyretic, non-toxic and possibly of value as an anti-influenza drug, but its antipyretic properties have not been confirmed (675) The compound inhibits the course of cowpox, influenza A, pneumonia and measles (676). 

Some of the popularly used anti-inflammatory drugs, such as paracetamol, are not an NSAID but have analgesic/antipyretic properties. Paracetamol specifically has relatively weak anti-inflammatory activity. Once excreted, it gets reactivated in the environment through some microbially mediated transformation (Henschel et al., 1997). The exact mechanisms by which paracetamol relieves pain are not very clear. It has a chemical structure that resembles several estronegic compounds. 

It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase with analgesic, antiinflammatory and antipyretic properties. 

It is a NSAID with pronounced antirheumatic, antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties. Inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis is fundamental mechanism of action. In rheumatic diseases, it leads to marked relief from pain at rest, pain on movement, morning stiffness and swelling of the joints, as well as by an improvement in function. 

Chloroquine is the drug of choice in the treatment of nonfalciparum and sensitive falciparum malaria. It rapidly terminates fever (in 24-48 hours) and clears parasitemia (in 48-72 hours) caused by sensitive parasites. It is still used to treat falciparum malaria in some areas with widespread resistance, in particular much of Africa, owing to its safety, low cost, antipyretic properties, and partial activity, but continued use of chloroquine for this purpose is discouraged, especially in nonimmune individuals. Chloroquine has been replaced by other drugs, principally artemisinin-based combination therapies, as the standard therapy to treat falciparum malaria in most endemic countries. Chloroquine does not eliminate dormant liver forms of P vivax and P ovale, and for that reason primaquine must be added for the radical cure of these species. 

Clinical use Paracetamol (Ameer and Greenblatt, 1977 Clissold, 1986) has analgesic and antipyretic properties, but no relevant anti-inflammatory action. It is used for the treatment of various mild to moderate pain conditions and to reduce fever. Paracetamol is one of the most popular analgesics as a single drug or in multi-ingredient preparations, often in combination with NSAIDs or weak opioids. 

Clinical use Propyphenazone is a derivative of phenazone and has similar analgesic and antipyretic properties. 

Salicylamide, prepared by the reaction of methyl salicylate with ammonia, has mild analgesic, antiinflammatory, and antipyretic properties. Salicylanilide, prepared by heating salicylic acid and aniline in the presence of phosphorus trichloride, is used as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals and as a slimicide. fungicide, and medicament. 

EGP240014>. Additionally, compound (27) was tested for pharmaceutical activity no antipyretic properties were detected. 

The uses of caprolactam are described in the section Cyclohexane. Almost 60 percent of the 27 million lb of salicyclic acid went to aspirin, with remainder mainly going to salicylate esters and phenolic resins. Aspirin (acetyl salycylic acid) has long been recognized for its analgesic and antipyretic properties. It must now share this market with the... 

The products were tested for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties. Anti-inflammatory efficacy was measured in vivo in the rat carrageenan-... 

A patent describing the synthesis of azalogs of the drug indo-methicin claims the 7-azaindole derivative to have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties. 

Piroxicam (84, Feldene in the US), a non-selective COX inhibitor with both analgesic and antipyretic properties, is one of the most used NSAIDs and serves as prototype of the oxicam family. This drug is utilized to relieve the symptoms of arthritis, menstrual pains or cramps and fever. It is also used in veterinary medicine to treat certain neoplasias expressing COX receptors, such as bladder, colon and prostate cancers. Variation on the structure of piroxicam has produced several other analogues with the benzene ring replaced by a thiophene ring and/or derivatives of the amide moiety, including meloxicam (85, a thiazole amide), isoxicam (86, an isoxazole amide), tenoxicam (87a, a thiophene derivative) and lornoxicam (87b, a chlorothiophene derivative). 

Several sydnone compounds are also associated with pharmacological activities, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties [4-6]. In view there is a continued interest in the development of simpler and more convenient synthetic routes for preparing these heterocyclic systems. 

Unfortunately, quinine s antipyretic properties are relatively mild. The profound effects of quinine on malaria are due not to its febrifugal powers but to its specific action on the plasmodia responsible for the disease see Ibid., 906. 

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