Carpet industry

Natural mbber latex is also used in adhesives for tape, packaging, envelopes, and in the footwear industry. It is used in the carpet industry as a binder for backing compounds, but this is another area in which synthetic SBR latex has competed effectively. There are a number of relatively small and specialized appHcations for natural mbber latex including mbberized coir or hair and cast products such as toys. Latex sheeting which is used in dental dams and for numerous other purposes can be made by dipping or casting onto a continuous belt. 

Nylons have a variety of uses ranging from tire cord to carpet to hosiery. The most important application is cord followed by apparel. Nylon staple and filaments are extensively used in the carpet industry. Nylon fiber is also used for a variety of other articles such as seat belts, monofilament finishes, and knitwear. Because of its high tenacity and elasticity, it is a valuable fiber for ropes, parachutes, and underwear. 

Nylon Blends. Differential dyeing nylon types and cationic dyeable nylon htends arc used primarily in the carpet industry. The selection of cationic dyes for nylon is rather limited most products have very poor fastness to light. These blends are dyed in a one-bath procedure at 95- 10(TC, Selected acid dyes are used for differential dyeing. Disperse dyes will dye all different types in the same depth. 

The most important market for insect resist finishes is the carpet industry. More than two-thirds of these finishes are nsed with floor coverings and wall hangings. Other significant markets include home furnishing and upholstery fabrics, blankets, uniforms, apparel and furs. 

ALCOGUM 9635 is a sodium polyacrylate thickener suitable for use in latex adhesives for the tufted carpet industry. 

Rethinking Carpeting Green Design in the Carpet Industry Traditional and Green Polymers in Your Carpet Chemical Hazard Rating System ... 

Keywords Carpet industrial waste, fiber reinforced concrete, field study. 

Although FRC has become widely available from concrete suppliers, its use has been limited primarily due to cost considerations. Effort to reduce the cost includes limiting the fiber dosage and developing inexpensive fibers. A very attractive alternative, however, would be to use suitable recycled fibers from industrial waste which otherwise would be discarded, the carpet industrial waste being an example. 

This paper summarizes the results of an experimental program to evaluate the effectiveness of using recycled fibers from carpet waste for concrete reinforcement. It also discusses issues that need to be addressed for the application of such FRC in large scale construction projects. It then reports on a building construction project using carpet waste fiber reinforced concrete. The results suggest that using carpet industrial waste fibers in construction would not only improve the reliability and life of the concrete structure, it but also could reduce the landfill spaces needed to dispose the waste material. 

The U.S. carpet industry produces about 1 billion m2 of carpet and consumes about 1 million tons of synthetic fibers per year. About 70% of the carpet produced is for replacement of used carpet, which translates into about 2 million tons of used carpet for disposal. In the Dalton, Georgia area where many carpet manufacturers are located, over 40, 000 tons of carpet waste has to be disposed of each year. Significant amount of carpet trim waste is also being disposed of by other industries such as the automobile manufacturers. Because of the high cost of developing and managing landfills, waste disposal in landfills has become increasingly difficult. 

The carpet industrial waste generated each year and that accumulated in landfills represent an abundance of useful resources, as they can provide effective reinforcement for concrete. As to be discussed in the following sections, concrete reinforced with recycled fibers from hard carpet waste is indeed a suitable material for construction. It suggests that using carpet waste in construction could be a very cost-effective way to improve the durability and performance of the concrete structure, and to reduce the needs for landfill spaces. 

The laboratory study described above demonstrated that recycled fibers from carpet industrial waste can provide effective reinforcement for concrete. However, concerns do exist that must be addressed before such FRC can be widely accepted for construction. 

Wang, Y., Zureick, A.H., Cho, B.S., and Scott, D.E. (1994) Properties of fiber reinforced concrete using recycled fibers from carpet industrial waste. Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 29, No. 16, pp. 4191—4199. 

Castle, R. (1994) Recycling in the carpet industry. The 75th World Conference of the Textile Institute, September 25-28, Atlanta, GA. 

Unactivated aromatic rings such as benzene show little tendency to chlorinate under water treatment conditions. Biphenyl has been studied somewhat intensively because of concerns that polychlorinated biphenyls might form in wastewaters containing the parent compound, a common dye carrier particularly in the carpet industry. Wastewaters may contain this hydrocarbon at up to 2 mg/L (Gaffney,... 

The carpet industry in the United States produces about 1 billion square meters of carpet per year. Of this, approximately 70% is used to replace existing carpet this translates into 1.2 million t (1.32 million T) of carpet waste produced annually [49]. Additional wastes produced by the carpet making industry increase the total amount of waste fibers to an estimated 2 million t (2.2 million T). Several research efforts are addressing ways to include these waste fibers in both asphalt pavements and Portland cement concrete. 

YoujiangW (1993) Fiber reinforced concrete using recycled carpet industrial waste and its potential use in highway construction. Symp Proc on Recovery and effective reuse of discarded materials and by-products for construction of highway facdities, October 1993, Denver, CO... 

Adhesives for the carpet industry. Formulations for backing carpets of hessian and polypropylene staple construction are given below. 

Because about 70% of the carpet produced is for replacing old carpet, it is important to understand the amount and types of carpet produced. Using the typical life of a carpet of 5-10 years, one can estimate the amount of carpet being disposed of currently and to be disposed of in the next few years. According to carpet industry statistics [14], the total fiber consumption in 1999 was about 1.7 million tons nylon 57%, olefin 36%, polyester 7%, and wool 0.4%. Among the nylon face fiber, about 40% is nylon 6 and 60% is nylon 6,6. In recent years, the use of polypropylene (labeled as polyolefin or olefin) in carpet is increasing, as tabulated in Table 16.2 [15]. Based on the aforementioned data, one expects the current rate of carpet disposal to be about 2 million tons... 

Table 16.2 Relative Market Share of Top Three Synthetic Fibers Used by the U.S. Carpet Industry [15]...

Carpet and Rug Institute, Carpet Industry Statistics, http /Avww.carpet-rug.com, Dalton, GA, 2001. 

Carpet industry adhesive contains silica nucleating agent, such as sand, glass, and specifically, ground, powdered, or crashed glass. ... 

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