Carbon-11: positron emission tomography

Almeida, P., Ribeiro, M. J., Bottlaender, M. et al. Absolute quantitation of iodine-123 epidepride kinetics using single-photon emission tomography comparison with carbon-11 epidepride and positron emission tomography. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 26 1580-1588,1999. 

Gropler RJ, Geltman EM, Sampathkumaran K, Perez JE, Schechtman KB, Conversano A et al. Comparison of carbon-11-acetate with fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose for delineating viable myocardium by positron emission tomography. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993 22 1587-1597... 

Rauch, S.L., Jenike, M.A., Alpert, N.M., Baer, L., Breiter, H.C., Savage, C.R., and Fischman, A.J. (1994) Regional cerebral blood flow measured during symptom provocation in obsessive-compulsive disorder using oxygen 15-labeled carbon dioxide and positron emission tomography. Arch Gen Psychiatry 51 62-70. 

Carbon-11 is a radioactive source used in positron emission tomography (PET) scans. The equation for this process is ... 

Meyer, J. H., Houle, S., Sagrati, S., Carella, A., Hussey, D. F., Ginovart, N., Goulding, V., Kennedy, J., Wilson, A. A. 2004, Brain serotonin transporter binding potential measured with carbon 11-labeled DASB positron emission tomography effects of major depressive episodes and severity of dysfunctional attitudes, Arch.Gen.Psychiatry, vol. 61, no. 12, pp. 1271-1279. 

Yoshii, F., Kozuma, R., Takahashi, W., Haida, M., Takagi, S., Shinohara, Y. (1998). Magnetic resonance imaging and IIC-N-methylspiperone/positron emission tomography studies in patients with the interval form of carbon monoxide poisoning. J. Neurol. Sci. 160 87-91. 

In 2002, researchers at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in Upton, New York, examined brain samples from living baboons and mice that were administered toluene, a chemical found in many inhalants that is known to have abuse potential. By radiolabeling carbon atoms in toluene, the researchers mapped out the distribution of toluene in the brain and body using a technique called positron emission tomography (PET). 

The Stille coupling has also found a use in medicinal chemistry the incorporation of carbon-11 (half-life 20.3 min) to give products which are applicable in positron emission tomography has been described [182] aryl or vinyl residues can be transferred from tin in reactions with labeled methyl iodide which are complete in only 4 min ... 

C-Labelled phosgene is a useful material in radiopharmaceutical and nuclear medical applications, since it combines the radiophysical properties of C with the extensive reaction chemistry of phosgene to permit the rapid synthesis of a wide range of biologically-active materials with radiochemical labels. Carbon-11 is a short-lived positron-emitting radionucleide, useful for in vivo measurements with positron emission tomography (PET) [519], Because of... 

Keywords Adrenoceptors Radioligands Positron emission tomography (PET) Imaging Carbon-11 Fluorine-18 Heart... 

A different method is PET (positron emission tomography) [4,5]. It is al.so an in-vivo tracer technique, but uses the annihilation of positions. Actually, one is confined to positron emitters for in-vivo studies of the distribution of elements in biologically active compounds, viz. carbon, nitrogen, oxygen. Metabolic processes can be studied in this way (see also Table 9.2). 

Because of its importance and frequent occurrence, the process of carbon formation and its structure have been widely studied, and many physical techniques (including recently positron-emission tomography ) have been deployed. Of these, temperature-programmed methods (oxidation, TPO reaction with hydrogen, TPRe) are the simplest and most informative. TPO can distinguish between carbon on the metal, which is relatively easily oxidised, from carbon on the support, which is less reactive. Admixture of the sample with a Pd/Si02 catalyst ensures that the effluent contains only carbon dioxide, and no monoxide. The use of the TPRe strictly requires estimation of the methane (and possibly other alkanes) that emerges, since because the H/C ratio in the carbon is unknown, the... 

All the stable isotopes of boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine are shown in the chart in the right hand column (in red), along with their radioactive isotopes with ti/2 > 1 min (in blue), (a) Write the chemical symbols, including mass and atomic numbers, for all of the stable isotopes, (b) Which radioactive isotopes are most likely to decay by beta emission (c) Some of the isotopes shown are used in positron emission tomography. Which ones would you expect to be most useful for this application (d) Which isotope would decay to 12.5%... 

Positron emission tomography (PET) 7-rays Cu-labelled single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) av/ 3 integrin-positive tumors ... 

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