Carbon-Oxygen Compounds

HC-O = 1.358 A the latter is shorter than the dimethyl ether value by 0.06 A, an amount which is difficult to rationalize without invoking interaction between the oxygen atom and the double bond. 

The conformation of cyclohexene oxide (60) resembles that of its hydrocarbon analogue, bicyclo[4,l,0]heptane (32), and that of cyclohexene (14b), so that both types of thiee-membered ring appear to have the same configuration-determining effect as a double bond. However, this hypothesis does not seem to apply to the pair of molecules a-pinene oxide (61) and a-pinene (39). The four-bond bridge in the latter is planar, whereas (61) shows that in the oxide this is not so however, there is a methyl-to-oxygen non-bonded interaction which may account for this difference. 

Almenningen, P. Kolsaker, H. M. Seip, and T. Willadsen, Acta Chem. Scand., 1969, 23, 3398. 

The configuration of the methyl groups in acetaldehyde and acetone follows the pattern in olefins (3) and azomethane (55), where a C-H bond 

Almenningen, S. P- Amesen, O. Bastiansen, H. M. Seip, and R. Seip, Chem. Phys. Letters, 1968, 1, 569. 

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The sensation of pleasant is postulated on the basis of cat neurophysiology and human psychophysics. The pleasant sensation is assumed to arise from the stimulation of a. small fiber geniculate ganglion system. The stimuli eliciting the pleasant sensation are lactones and other carbon-oxygen compounds (23). 

Photochemical reactions of HFA with perfluorinated carbon-oxygen compounds have been reported (271, 272). HFA serves as a mild source of CO in the reaction with bis(trifluoromethyl) peroxide (271) to yield bis(trifluoromethyl) carbonate with perfluoromethyl oxalate, CF3 radicals are the reactive species to yield perfluoromethyl acetate (272). 

Figure II. Chemical state plot for oxygen in carbon-oxygen compounds (33) ((O) carbonyl (carboxylate ( ) carbonate)...

The oxides of carbon include the very stable and abundant CO and CO2, the unstable but isolable C3O2, and more complicated carbon oxides derived from organic backbones by removal of all hydrogen, for example, C12O9, from the complete dehydration of meUitic acid (benzenehexacarboxyhc acid). Oxocarbon anions, C 0 , with apparent aromatic properties are also known. The properties of these carbon-oxygen compounds are sununarized below. 

The water formed in this reaction is removed from the synthesis gas by condensation, the synthesis gas then containing less than 10 ppm of carbon-oxygen compounds and about 1.3% by volume of inert gases (methane and argon). 

In the first example, the ratio of the masses of oxygen in the two compounds, for a given mass of carbon, was 1 2. In the second example, the ratio of the masses of sulfur in the two compounds, for a given mass of arsenic, was 2 3. Today, we know that the carbon oxides are CO (carbon monoxide) and CO2 (carbon dioxide), and the arsenic sulfides are AS4S4 and AS2S3. Dalton could not have known this, however, because he had no information from which to decide how many atoms of carbon and oxygen are in one molecule of the carbon-oxygen compounds or how many atoms of arsenic and sulfur are in the arsenic-sulfur compounds. 

The third group is water-immiscible organic species with electron donor or acceptor properties, or solvating carriers. They include carbon-oxygen compounds (amides, ethers, ketones) phosphorus-oxygen compounds (tri- -butylphosphate (TBP), dibutyl-phosphate (DBP) or-phosphonate (DBBP) phosphine oxides (tri- -octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) phosphine sulfides (Cyanex 471) alkyl sulfides (dihexyl, diheptyl sulfides) nitrogen containing compounds (CLX 50), and so on [1-7, 81, 83]. All of them are known as selective extractants, but few of them are tested as carriers in LM processes. 

LY2/G Ammonia, amines. Carbon oxygen compounds T70/2 Toluene, xylene, carbon monoxide... 

The reactions of SFs at high temperatures and pressures with several carbon-sulphur and carbon-oxygen compounds have been reported. At temperatures above 485 °C and a pressure of 1360 atm, SF reacts with CS2 to yield (CF3)2S, (CF3)2S2, C, and S reaction at 500 °C and 270 atm with COS gives CF4, SOF2, and S. No reaction was observed with CO or CO2 below 500 C and 4000 atm. This lack of reaction was explained by the formation of SF4 via a co-ordinated intermediate (2), which decomposes to SF4. S.C,F.-X scattered-wave calculations... 

Darnell (1978) has reported the formation of a carbon-oxygen compound R2CO with rare earths Ce, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tm and Yb by heating the metals in a quartz tube with a stoichiometric amount of CO to 800°C. The crystal structure of these compounds was observed to be similar to the NaCl structure of the corresponding nitrides (the nitrogen in the metal nitrides being replaced alternately by carbon and oxygen). Only traces of the sesquioxide phase were detected by X-ray diffraction. 

Pleasant is associated with the small fibre geniculate ganglion system and is evoked by lactones and similar carbon-oxygen compounds. Umani is a Japanese word used to describe the sensation elicited by the amino acid monosodium glutamate and the nucleotides sodium inosinate and sodium guanylate. The metallic sensation is produced by certain salts such as silver... 

Carbon dioxide (a carbon-oxygen compound) breathed out by living things as waste... 

In addition to the small molecules expected in ethoxylates (ethylene oxide, 1,4-diox-ane), various three-carbon oxygenated compounds (allyl alcohol, acrolein, dioxolanes) may also be present. They are determined by the procedures described in Section II. The presence of carbonyl impurities such as develop after exposure to air is indicated by the strengthening of the UV absorbance band in the 210-nm region. 

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