Nitrogen dioxide reaction with carbon monoxide

For simple reactions (for example, reactions between atoms), we can equate the frequency factor (A) in the Arrhenius equation with the frequency of collision between the reacting species. For more complex reactions, we must also consider the orientation factor, that is, how reacting molecules are oriented relative to each other. The reaction between carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitric oxide (NO) illustrates this point ... 

At room temperature, Htde reaction occurs between carbon dioxide and sodium, but burning sodium reacts vigorously. Under controUed conditions, sodium formate or oxalate may be obtained (8,16). On impact, sodium is reported to react explosively with soHd carbon dioxide. In addition to the carbide-forrning reaction, carbon monoxide reacts with sodium at 250—340°C to yield sodium carbonyl, (NaCO) (39,40). Above 1100°C, the temperature of the DeviHe process, carbon monoxide and sodium do not react. Sodium reacts with nitrous oxide to form sodium oxide and bums in nitric oxide to form a mixture of nitrite and hyponitrite. At low temperature, Hquid nitrogen pentoxide reacts with sodium to produce nitrogen dioxide and sodium nitrate. 

Photolytic. Products identified from the photoirradiation of 2-methylpropene with nitrogen dioxide in air are 2-butanone, 2-methylpropanal, acetone, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methanol, methyl nitrate, and nitric acid (Takeuchi et al., 1983). Similarly, products identified from the reaction of 2-methylpropene with ozone included acetone, formaldehyde, methanol, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane (Tuazon et al., 1997). 

In the reaction of nitrogen dioxide with carbon monoxide, for example, the first step in the mechanism is slower and rate-determining, whereas the second step occurs more rapidly ... 

As Barr et al. (2003) pointed out, the importance of such emissions is determined mainly by their impact on the three processes taking place in the atmosphere. The first consists in that such NMHCs as isoprene form in the course of carboxylization in plants and contribute much thereby to the formation of biospheric carbon cycle. The second process is connected with NMHCs exhibiting high chemical activity with respect to such main oxidants as hydroxyl radicals (OH), ozone (03), and nitrate radicals (N03). Reactions with the participation of such components result in the formation of radicals of alkylperoxides (R02), which favor efficient transformation of nitrogen monoxide (NO) into nitrogen dioxide (N02), which favors an increase of ozone concentration in the ABL. Finally, NMHC oxidation leads to the formation of such carbonyl compounds as formaldehyde (HCHO), which stimulates the processes of 03 formation. Finally, the oxidation of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes results in the intensive formation of fine carbon aerosol with a particle diameter of <0.4 pm... 

Further stages are required to assure conversion and to remove carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide from the gas mixture. A mixture of ammonia and synthesis gas (CO + H2) results from the reaction with nitrogen so the two must be separated and the synthesis gas recycled. 

Which is the rate-determining step in the reaction of nitrogen dioxide with carbon monoxide Let s assume that the first step is rate determining and the second step is relatively fast ... 

The gas-phase reaction of nitrogen dioxide with carbon monoxide provides a good example of a reaction mechanism. The generally accepted mechanism at low temperatures has two steps, both bimolecular ... 

As an example, the reaction of nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide has been found to be second order with respect to NO2 and zero order with respect to CO below 225°C. 

In a partial oxidation process, methane and other hydrocarbons in natural gas are combined with a limited amount of oxygen (typically, from air) that is not enough to completely oxidize the hydrocarbons to carbon dioxide and water. With less than the stoichiometric amount of oxygen available for the reaction, the reaction products contain primarily hydrogen and carbon monoxide (and nitrogen, if the reaction is carried out with air rather than pure oxygen) and a relatively small amount of carbon dioxide and other compounds. Subsequently, in the WGS reaction, the carbon monoxide reacts with water to form carbon dioxide and more hydrogen. 

Consider the reaction of nitrogen dioxide with carbon monoxide. 

Clemmer DE, Weber ME, Armentrout PB (1992) Reactions of aluminum (1+)(1S) with nitrogen dioxide, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide thermochemistry of aluminum monoxide and aluminum monoxide (1+). J Phys Chem 96 10888-10893... 

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