Carbon dioxide thermochemistry

Clemmer DE, Weber ME, Armentrout PB (1992) Reactions of aluminum (1+)(1S) with nitrogen dioxide, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide thermochemistry of aluminum monoxide and aluminum monoxide (1+). J Phys Chem 96 10888-10893... 

Transition metal catalysts, specifically those composed of iron nanoparticles, are widely employed in industrial chemical production and pollution abatement applications [67], Iron also plays a cracial role in many important biological processes. Iron oxides are economical alternatives to more costly catalysts and show activity for the oxidation of methane [68], conversion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide [58], and the transformation of various hydrocarbons [69,70]. In addition, iron oxides have good catalytic lifetimes and are resistant to high concentrations of moisture and CO which often poison other catalysts [71]. Li et al. have observed that nanosized iron oxides are highly active for CO oxidation at low tanperatures [58]. Iron is unique and more active than other catalyst and support materials because it is easily reduced and provides a large number of potential active sites because of its highly disordered and defect rich structure [72, 73]. Previous gas-phase smdies of cationic iron clusters have included determination of the thermochemistry and bond energies of iron cluster oxides and iron carbonyl complexes by Armentrout and co-workers [74, 75], and a classification of the dissociation patterns of small iron oxide cluster cations by Schwarz et al. [76]. 

The thermochemistry of the three vectors ranges from thermoneutral for water removal to 2,2 GJ/t endothermic for carbon dioxide removal and 4.5 GJ/t endothermic for carbon monoxide removal. The heat of combustion of the carbon monoxide is however 7.66 GJ so that it could be used either as a chemical reagent or as a heat source in an entirely biomass fueled process to produce fuels that most closely approximate todays preferred hydrocarbon fuels. 

Thermochemistry. If the kinetics are such that the combustion reactions proceed to completion at a rate that sustains flaming combustion, the chemical reaction of a generic fuel with atmospheric oxygen yields carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), nitrogen (N2), and mineral acid (HX) in quantitative yield ... 

Molecular structure and thermochemistry are interrelated here for species chosen from contributions to the earlier Volume 3 of this book series. Discussion includes halogenated species gaseous nonmetal dioxides X-Y bond-containing species (X,Y = C, N, O) small carbon molecules arenols and substituted arenes steroids aromatic carbocycles difluoramines and nitro compounds selenium- and tellurium-nitrogen compounds. 

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