Carbon dioxide-oxygen mixtures

SYNS CARBOGEN (SCI) CARBON DIOXIDE-OXYGEN mixture (DOT)... 

The cost of CO2 mitigation for the chemical industry is not small. I was struck by your earlier comments about some of the oxidative reactions using air. You pointed out that in reaction with butane, you have to avoid the explosive limit, and you can produce a lot of CO2 by accident if you don t avoid the combustion Hmits. Have you thought about using carbon dioxide-oxygen mixtures rather than air in these kinds of reactions ... 

The lamp method involves combustion of a sample of sulphone in a closed system with an atmosphere of 30% oxygen and 70% carbon dioxide The mixture of sulphur dioxide and sulphur trioxide formed is converted in situ to sulphate by oxidation with hydrogen... 

In the absence of oxygen, in a closed reactor, anaerobic bacteria ferment organic matter into methane and carbon dioxide, a mixture named biogas. Biogas is produced through the activity of common methane bacteria that cause anaerobic degradation over a broad temperature range from 10°C to over 100°C. 

Precipitated rhodium, when heated in a vacuum, evolves a considerable volume of gas consisting of a mixture of carbon dioxide, oxygen, hydrogen, and water.5... 

The Selectoxo process (Engelhard) reduces the hydrogen consumption of the methanation system, as well as the inert gas content of the purified synthesis gas fed to the synthesis loop. After low-temperature shift conversion, the cooled raw gas is mixed with the stoichiometric quantity of air or oxygen needed to convert the carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. The mixture is then passed through a precious-metal catalyst at 40-135 °C to accomplish this selective oxidation [740]-[743], The carbon dioxide formed by the Selectoxo reaction adds only slightly to the load on the downstream carbon dioxide absorption system. 

A three-neck flask is equipped with a reflux condenser and an inlet tube for the introduction of dry, oxygen-free carbon dioxide. A mixture of 2 g. (0.0057 mole) of diphenylmercury Org. Syntheses Coll. Vol. 1, 228 (1941)], 1.6 g. (0.025 gram atom) of flowers of zinc, and 10 ml. of sodium-dried xylene is heated to boiling. From time to time a few drops of the clear xylene solution are removed with a pipet, a few drops of an ethanolic solution of stannous chloride are added, and the mixture is heated. The reflux is continued as long as the above test gives a precipitate of mercury and then for 2G-30 minutes longer. The clear xylene solution is separated and cooled in an ice-salt bath under a carbon dioxide atmosphere. The precipitated product is filtered off, washed with petroleum ether, and dried, all operations being conducted under carbon dioxide. The product is obtained in 70% yield and melts at 107°. 

Diesel exhaust is a complex mixture of hundreds of constituents in either a gas or particle form. Gaseous components of diesel exhaust include carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor, carbon mono xide, nitrogen compounds, sulfur compounds, and numerous low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons. 

Schultz, H., Changes in shape of the mitochondria in the alveolar epithelium during respiration in carbon dioxide (-air mixture) and oxygen. Nalurwiss. 48, 205-206 (1956). 

Isotopic analysis of ethylene oxidation over V205 shows that neither acetaldehyde nor ethylene oxide can be the main intermediates in the formation of carbon dioxide from mixtures of ethylene with various oxygen-containing compounds (Fig. 8). 

This is a useful concept which applies to subjects breathing air or any other gas mixture free of carbon dioxide. It relates the partial pressure of oxygen in alveolar gas to that of carbon dioxide. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are continually moving between the alveolar gas and the blood in the pulmonary capillaries. 

Add 40 ml. of ethyl alcohol to 21 -5 g. of 70 per cent, ethylenediamine solution (0 -25 mol) dissolve 36 -5 g. of adipic acid (0 -25 mol) in 50 ml. of a 6 1 mixture of ethyl alcohol and water. Mix the two solutions, stir and cool. Filter off the resulting salt and recrystalliae it from 60 ml. of a 6 1 ethyl alcohol - water mixture, and dry the salt in the air. Heat the salt in an atmosphere of oxygen-free nitrogen or of carbon dioxide in an oil bath until it melts (ca. 160°) the product will sohdify after a short time. Reduce the pressure to 15 mm. of mercury or less and raise the temperature of the oil bath until the product remelts (about 290°) and continue the heating for 4r-5 hours. Upon coohng, a nylon type polymer is obtained. 

Initiators, usually from 0.02 to 2.0 wt % of the monomer of organic peroxides or azo compounds, are dissolved in the reaction solvents and fed separately to the kettie. Since oxygen is often an inhibitor of acryUc polymerizations, its presence is undesirable. When the polymerization is carried out below reflux temperatures, low oxygen levels are obtained by an initial purge with an inert gas such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen. A blanket of the inert gas is then maintained over the polymerization mixture. The duration of the polymerization is usually 24 h (95). 

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