Drying xylene

Anthracene and maleic anhydride. In a 50 ml. round-bottomed flask fitted with a reflux condenser, place 2 0 g. of pure anthracene, I 1 g. of maleic anhydride (Section 111,93) and 25 ml. of dry xylene. Boil the mixture under reflux for 20 minutes with frequent shaking during the first 10 minutes. Allow to cool somewhat, add 0 5 g. of decolourising carbon and boil for a further 5 minutes. Filter the hot solution through a small, preheated Buchner funnel. Collect the solid which separates upon coohng by suction filtration, and dry it in a vacuum desiccator containing paraffin wax shavings (to absorb traces of xylene). The yield of adduct (colourless crystals), m.p. 262-263° (decomp.), is 2-2 g. Place the product (9 10-dihydroanthracene-9 10-cndo-ap-succinic anhydride) in a weU-stoppered tube, since exposure to air tends to cause hydration of the anhydride portion of the molecule. 

Magnesium ethylate (magnesium ethoxide) [2414-98-4] M 114.4. Dissolve ca Ig of solid in 12.8mL of absolute EtOH and 20mL of dry xylene and reflux in a dry atmosphere (use CaCl2 in a drying tube at the top of the condenser). Add lOmL of absolute EtOH and cool. Filter solid under dry N2 and dry in a vacuum. Alternatively dissolve in absolute EtOH and pass through molecular sieves (40 mesh) under N2, evap under N2, and store in a tightly stoppered container. [J Am Chem Soc 68 889 1964 ]... 

Twenty-five grams (0.212 mole) of 3-sulfolene, and 15.0 g (0.153 mole) of pulverized maleic anhydride are added to a dry 250-ml flask fitted with a condenser. Boiling chips and 10 ml of dry xylene are added. The mixture is swirled gently for a few minutes to effect partial solution, then gently heated until an even boil is established. During the first 5-10 minutes, the reaction is appreciably exothermic, and care must be exercised to avoid overheating. 

A mixture of 10.0 grams of /3-dimethylaminoethanol and 1.9 grams of sodium in 90 cc of dry xylene was heated at for 5 hours. To the resulting solution was added at 30°C, 18 grams of 3-butyl-Tchloroisoquinoline. The solution, which turned very dark, was heated at 100°-125°C for 3.5 hours. The mixture was extracted with two 100 cc portions of 2 N... 

The powdered sodium is prepared by melting 30 g. of the clean metal under 1 1. of dry xylene. The mixture is then stirred vigorously with a metal stirrer until the sodium is powdered. 

Sixty-nine grams (3 gram atoms) of sodium, from which all the oxide coating has been cut away, and 400 cc. of dry xylene (Note 1) are placed in a i-l. round-bottomed flask and heated until the sodium is melted. The flask is closed with a rubber 1 Bagster, J. Chem. Soc. (1917), 494. 

Tryptamine from Indole. CA, 54, 13018 (1960). To 15.5 g of most any indole in 40 ml of dry ether, under a nitrogen atmosphere, add 50 ml of methyl magnesium bromide in 2% moles of dry ether and reflux for 15 min. Cool on ice bath and add 68 ml of ethyleneimine in 30 ml of dry xylene. Stir for IVi hours at 65-70° F (room temp) adding dry xylene, as needed, to maintain starting volume. Reflux for 1 hour and cool to room temp. Add 75 ml of water dropwise and add HCl acid slowly to give a pH of 1. Filter off the precipitate, wash with ether (cold) and then dissolve in 150 ml of hot water. Cool to 1(F C for 15 min and decolorize in the usual... 

Rearrangement of l-Mehtyl-4-chloro-4-benzoylpiperidine. Add 50 ml of xylene (containing 3.5 g of the above product) to a stirred refluxing solution containing 200 ml dry xylene and 18 g of finely powdered, dried sodium NaOH. Stir while refluxing for 30 min, then cool, extract with 25 ml portion of water until the ph of the extracts reaches neutrality (approximately). 

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