Cannabis indica

A sesquiterpene has been isolated from the essential oil of Cannabis Indica. This may fairly be considered a definite body, as it has been isolated by many different observers and described by them at different times. Valenta first mentions it. Vignolo describes it as a mobile liquid boiling at 256°, of specific gravity -897 at 15°, and slightly laevo-rotatory. Wood, Spivey, and Easterfield give the boiling-point as 258° to 259°, the specific gravity as -898 at 18°, and the rotation as - 8-6°. 

Isolation, 95-120 C Connobis aotiva, Cannabis Indica, Cannabis ruderalis---------------------------------------- ... 

O Shaughnessy, W. B. On the preparations of the Indian Hemp, or Gunjah (cannabis indica) their effects on the animal system in health, and their utility in the treatment of tetanus and other convulsive diseases. Provincial Medical Journal and Retrospect on the Medical Sciences, London, 1843 5 343-398. 

Edgewood studies in the late 1950s had already demonstrated that delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol, the active principle of Cannabis indica (a weed that grows in the wild - and sometimes in underground hydroponic farms), was not sufficiently potent to become a chemical weapon. Those studies involved the use... 

Jacob A, Todd AR (1940), Cannabis and Cannabol Constituents of Cannabis indica resin. Nature 145, 350. 

Cahn RS, Cannabis indica resin, Part 111. The constitution of Cannabinol, J Chem Soc 1342-1353, 1932. 

Jacob A, Todd AR, Cannabis indica. Part 11. Isolation of Cannabidiol from Egyptian Hashish. Observations on the Structure of Cannabinol, J Chem Soc... 

Ghosh R, Todd AR, Wilkinson S, Cannabis indica. Part v. The synthesis of cannabinol, / Soc, 1393-1396, 1940. 

Bhagwat. Studies on pharmacological actions of Cannabis indica. Part III. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1964 147 291. 

Hemp Fiber (Chanvre in French). The bast-fiber obtained from the plant Cannabis indica or C sativa, which is a perennial herb (Ref 1). The plant is native of western and central Asia, but has long been cultivated in Brazil and tropical Africa, and is now extensively cultivated in many countries. Its fiber is used for preparation of ropes and paper, but was also proposed by Trench (Ref 2), in 1877 to be nitrated to an explosive Refs 1) Daniel (1902), 773 2) Webster s 7th New Collegiate Diet (1969), 388... 

The resin secreted by Cannabis indica and Cannabis sativa, varieties of hemp, is known variously as marijuana, hashish or bhang and is abused as a hallucinogenic drug. It appears however to have some beneficial properties and is currently under test as an antiemetic in cancer therapy. The secretion contains a number of interrelated oxygen heterocycles, some of which are shown in Scheme 281, which attempts to indicate their biosynthetic relationships (70MI22401). The cannabinoids are probably derived from a monoterpene unit based on p-menthane and 5-n-pentylresorcinol (olivetol), acting the part of a polyketide. 2,2-Dimethylchromene biosynthesis also requires the intervention of an isoprene fragment. 

BOTANICAL PROPERTIES OF CANNABIS INDICA OR INDIAN CANNABIS (INDIAN HEMP)... 

King s American Dispensatory called Cannabis indica one of the most important of our remedies, particularly for marked nervous depression... ... 

In 1898, King s American Dispensatory called Cannabis indica one of the most important of our remedies, particularly for marked nervous depression.. .. [I]t has been efficient in delirium tremens, wakefulness in fevers, neuralgia, gout, rheumatism, infantile... 

In 1902, A Compend of Materia Medica, Therapeutics, and Prescription Writing prescribed Cannabis indica—Indian hemp for a variety of colorful conditions Uterine affections, as chronic metritis [inflammation of the womb], subinvolution, menorrhagia, dysmen-orrhoea [painful menstruation], etc.,—its powers as an anodyne and stimulant of the uterine muscular fibre render it a very efficient agent. ... 

The three most prevalent varieties of the Indian hemp plant are Cannabis sativa (C. sativa), the most common of the three varieties, which is tall, loosely branched, and grows as high as 20 feet Cannabis indica, which is three or four feet in height, pyramidal in shape, and densely branched and Cannabis ruderalis, which grows to a height of about two feet with few or no branches. There is disagreement over whether these three cannabis types are different species or whether C. sativa is the main species of Indian hemp, with the other plants... 

Alkoxy derivatives of biphenyl can be obtained either from alkoxy-anilines or by coupling with alkoxybenzenes. From diazotized p-bromo-aniline and anisole a 20% yield of 4-bromo-2 -methoxybiphenyl and a 7% yield of 4-bromo-4 -methoxybiphenyl are obtained. In connection with their studies on Cannabis Indica, Ghosh, Pascall, and Todd u prepared the highly substituted biphenyl compound, 2-cyano-5-methyl-2, 5 -dimethoxy-4 -n-amylbiphenyl (VII), in 27% yield from the nitrosoacetyl derivative of 2-cyano-5-methylaniline and 2,5-dimethoxy-n-amylben-zene. 

Cannobis sotiva, Cannabis indica, Cannabis ruderalis... 

Cannabis indica is believed to be the most potent species. Cultivated for its inebriating qualities, it is short, bushy and very resinous. 

Cannabis indica Lamarck, classified by Lamarck in 1783, is a shorter plant that s more densely branched. Seldom over eight feet tall, it has short, brittle fibers and thus is not very useful for fiber but generally contains the greatest amount by weight of Cannabis resin. Until recently, it s cultivation has been mainly restricted to India, Persia and the Arab countries, where its leaves are often made into a milkshake and its resin is pressed into hashish. 

By the middle of the nineteenth century, medical interest in Cannabis indica passed from Europe to North America. Soon such Cannabis preparations were available at the corner drugstore. 

Synonyms. Bhang Cannabis Indica Chanvre Charas Dagga Ganja Guaza Hashish Indian Hemp Kif Maconha Marihuana. 

Cannabis Indicae, Br,. Hemp, Indian Hemp, Gunza Ganjah, Herba Cannabis Indicae Chanvre, Chanvre de I Inde, Fr. Indischer Hanf, G. Cahamo, Sp. Marihuana, Mez. 

William Beam in Bulletin No. 4 of the chemical Section of the Welcome Tropical Research Laboratories, Khartoum, has discovered a specific color reaction which may be used for the detection of Cannabis indica and its preparations. A petroleum ether extract of the suspected material is prepared and evaporated to dryness in a test tube. To this is added a few cc. of a reagent prepared by saturating absolute alcohol with dry hydrogen chloride gas. In the presence of cannabis the liquid assumes a bright cherry red color which is destroyed upon the addition of water or alcohol. 

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