Saturation absolute

Sun YK, Weinberg WH. 1985. Determination of the absolute saturation coverage of hydrogen on Ru(OOOl). Surf Sci 214 L246. 

If equilibrium has not been reached between a mixture of components, the condition is referred to as partial saturation. At partial saturation the gas mixture obeys real gas laws. There are several ways to express the concentration of a vapor in a mixture of gases. Most often, weight or mole fraction is used. Other definitions are relative saturation (relative humidity), molal saturation (molal humidity) and absolute saturation (absolute humidity). 

Absolute saturation is defined as the ratio of the moles of vapor per mole of dry gas to the moles of vapor that would be present per mole of dry gas if the mixture were completely saturated at the existing temperature and total pressure. We can express this as... 

Figure 6.2. (A) Variations in %N (which is proportional to C density) with precipitation along the 11 °C isotherm in the Great Plains of the United States. The humidity factor (NSQ, Niederschlag-Sattigungsdefizit from the German, or Meyer s quotient) is the total annual precipitation (mm) divided by the absolute saturation deficit of air (mm mercury). All soils were developed on loess deposits from the last glacial maximum. (B) Change in %N with precipitation along the 19 °C isotherm. Note that relative C density (estimated by assuming that the C/N ratio of SOM is fairly constant) is lower at higher mean annual temperature. Reprinted with permission from Jenny, H. (1941). Factors of Soil Formation, Dover Publications, New York.

The high pressure adsorption of single gases and mixtures can be predicted from the low pressure (sub-atmospheric) data for the same systems. The optimum temperature for measuring the aulsorption of single gases is near their critical temperature where both the Henry s constant auid the absolute saturation capacity can be determined accurately. 

Define relative saturation (humidity), molal saturation (humidity), absolute saturation (humidity), and humidity by formulas involving partial pressures of the gas components. 

Absolute" Saturation (Humidity) Percentage Saturation (Humidity)... 

Percent absolute saturation is always less than relative saturation except at saturated conditions (or at zero percent saturation) when percent absolute saturation = percent relative saturation. 

Helium contains 12% by volume of ethyl acetate. Calculate (a) the percent relative saturation and (b) the percent absolute saturation of the mixture at a temperature of 30°C and a pressure of 98 kPa. 

Sufficient oxygen at 21 C and 100 kPa absolute with 80% absolute saturation of water vapor is supplied to react with sewage to reduce the concentration of biological material to below the quality control limits. Calculate the following for the supplied... 

Absolute saturation mass of vapor/mass of bone dry gas... 

Absolute humidity (hj same definition as absolute saturation but applied to the air-water system, i.e.,... 

Many studies on carbon monoxide adsorbed on polycrystalline and single crystal Pt, Pd, and Rh electrodes have been carried out during recent years by means of electrochemical methods and IR spectroscopy (EMIRS, SNIFTIRS, IRRAS, etc.), potential-modulated reflectance spectroscopy and other methods.Electrochemical results show that the number of Pt adsorption sites per CO molecule is changing from 2 to 1 with increasing coverage in acidic solution. There is, however, a discussion in the literature about the evaluation of absolute saturation coverage on ordered low-index platinum (and rhodium) electrodes with particular reference to Pt(l 1... 

Weaver MJ, Chang SC, Leung LWH, Jiang X, Rubel M, Szklarczyk M, et al. Evaluation of absolute saturation coverages of carbon monoxide on ordered low-index platinum and rhodium electrodes. J Electroanal Chem 1992 327 247-60. 

Here we retained the compressibility even for the resin. In Eq. (28), K represents the absolute (saturated) permeability, while and are the relative permeabilities of the wetting and nonwetting phases, respectively. They... 

The enthalpies of sublimation were calculated by the third law of thermod mamics with the primary data on absolute saturated vapor pressLues. For second-law calculations, the As hH° T) value was determined from the slope of the semilogarithmic plot T was set equal to the mean temperature of measurements. 

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