Color specification

Compound CAS Registry Color Specific Solubihty Miscellaneous... 

The general sales specification under which maleic anhydride is sold ia the United States specifies a white fused mass or briquettes of 99.5% minimum assay and 52.5°C minimum crystallisation poiat. The melt color specification is 20 APHA maximum with a maximum APHA color of 40 after two hours of heating at 140°C. Four grams of maleic anhydride ia 10 milliliters of water are to be completely soluble. The resulting solution is to be colodess. The acidity resulting from maleic acid is allowed to be a maximum of 0.2%. 

Name Synonym Formula Foimiila weight Foim and color Specific gravity Melting point, °C Boiling point, °C Soliibilit)- hi 100 parts ... 

Since cracking stocks generally do not have to meet the color specifications that lube distillates do, higher flash zone temperatures (up to 8(X)°F) can be tolerated. Fuel units are normally designed to distill material boiling up to 1100°F (at atmospheric pressure) from the feed, and some units have distilled beyond 12(X)°F at low feed rates. 

Note that we now have three (3) different sets of values related to color specification, and three different types of symbols. In order not to get confused, we reiterate them again. They are ... 

We have delved into the methods used by previous investigators in an effort to quanticize color measurement and used the same methods that they did. Once this was done, color specifications became standardized and were not subject to vagaries of the color-method used or the deviations caused by the human eye. 

Sodium copper chlorophyllin, approved by the FDA as a color additive in citrus-based dry beverage mixes, should have a ratio of absorbance (SoretQ band) not less than 3.4 and not more than 3.9. In Europe, purity criteria of the food additives E141[i] and E141[ii], which are copper complexes of chlorophyll and chlorophyllin, respectively, are set out in the EC color specifications that include identification and spectrophotometric assay tests. ... 

In order to control food color, underlying mechanisms cansing variation in color must be understood. Three types of colorants can be distinguished from the perspective of quality and safety control natural colorants, formed colorants, and color additives. Depending on the type of colorant, specific strategies are required to control dynamics of colorants and achieve constant qnality in terms of safety, desired color, appearance, and health (Section 7.1.3). The extent to which underlying food color-affecting mechanisms are understood determines how well the quality of food color can be predicted. 

Natural Food Colorants EU Code certification/ADI Source Color Specific Properties ... 

No. Crystalline Form and Color Specific Gravity Melting Point C. Boiling Point C. Solubility in 100 Parts ... 

Phenylenediamines are relatively weak organic bases and can cause bums if left on the skin for more than a few minutes. Their dark color makes them undesirable for use in fuels or petroleum fractions which have Saybolt color specifications >+15. Because of their alkaline nature, they may also interact with any acidic compounds which may be present in the fuel or in tank-bottom water. Under extreme conditions, this interaction could result in a reduction or loss in performance of the PDA antioxidant. 

Commercial dinitrochlorohydrin is usually yellowish or brownish in color, specific gravity about 1.541 at 15°. It boils at atmospheric pressure with decomposition at about 190°. It may be distilled at 13 mm. at 121.5°, or at 10 mm. at 117.5°, but some decomposition occurs for the distillate is acid to litmus. 

S = color specification for curve plots halten = 1 for holding the graph for multiple runs halten = 0 for starting a new graph ... 

All of our natural experience with optics occurs in the linear domain. In order to apply nonlinear optics in practice, light must first interact with the NLO material. In our laboratories, free space interconnections are usually employed for this purpose. That is, a laser beam is aimed at the material under examination. In any practical use of NLO, such simplistic solutions will not be possible, for reasons both of safety and rugged construction of the device. Light will need to be moved around in space within the device. In many second order devices, whether they are color-specific lasers, such as doubled diode or YAG lasers, or EO modulators such as spatial light modulators (SLM s) waveguide or fiber optic connections will be used. Aspects of these materials will not be reviewed. 

Many single number color scales have been developed for foods by converting X, Y, Z or L, a, b color specifications to a number indicating grade or quality on the desired scale. Such a scale was developed by Hunter to measure the citrus redness CR, and the citrus yellowness CY of the juice. The formulae are derived as follows ... 

A further development of the approach of using multicomponent PF copolymers for tuning the emission color was recently exemplified by fabrication of fan RGB (red/green/blue color specification) prototype display, in which the pure red, green, and blue colors was achieved by variation of the feed ratio of several monomers (03NAT(421)829). 

Therefore, in order for the signal from a particular photodetector to tell us what color a cell is, we need to use colored filters to make the photodetectors color specific. Photodetectors can be fitted with,... 

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