Cancer xenograft

DABROSiN c, CHEN J, WANG L and THOMPSON L u (2002) Flaxseed inhibits metastasis and decreases extracellular vascular endothelial growth factor in human breast cancer xenografts. Cancer Lett. 185 (1) 31-7. 

In vivo studies were carried on the aziridinated cyclopent[Z ]indole quinone out before it was discovered that the aziridinyl ring did not participate in DNA alkylation. The results in Fig. 7.22 for the B16 melanoma syngraft model reveal that there was substantial reduction of tumor mass at 3 mg/kg. However, toxicity (animal deaths) became apparent at 5 mg/kg. On the other hand, human lung cancer xenografts in SCID (severe combined immunodeficient) mice were reduced to 50% mass with 3x1 mg/kg doses without any animal deaths. 

Baselge, ]., et al., "Recombinant Humanized Anti-HER2 Antibody (HERCEPTIN) Enhances the Antitumor Activity of Paclitaxel and Doxorubicin Against HER2/neu Overexpressing Human Breast Cancer Xenografts," Cancer Res., 58, 2825-2831 (1998). 

S. R. Khan, S. R. Denmeade, In vivo Activity of a PSA-Activated Doxorubicin Prodrug against PSA-Producing Human Prostate Cancer Xenografts , Prostate 2000, 45, 80-83. 

T. Ishikawa, M. Utoh, N. Sawada, M. Nishida, Y. Kukase, F. Sekiguchi, H. Ishitsuka, Tumor Selective Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil by Capecitabine, a New Oral Fluoropyrimidine Carbamate, in Human Cancer Xenografts , Biochem. Pharmacol. 1998, JJ, 1091 - 1097. 

Harrington KJ, et al. Targeted radiosensitisation by pegylated liposome-encapsulated 3, 5 -0-dipalmitoyl 5-iodo-2 -deoxyuridine in a head and neck cancer xenograft model. Br J Cancer 2004 91 366. 

P. Paulus, E. R. Stanley, R. Schafer, D. Abraham, and S. Aharinejad, Colony-stimulating factor-1 antibody reverses chemoresistance in human MCF-7 breast cancer xenografts, Cancer Res. 66(8), 4349-4356 (2006). 

Jackson T, Chougule MB, Ichite N, Patlolla RR, Singh M. (2008) Antitumor activity of noscapine inhuman non-small cell lung cancer xenograft model. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 63 117-126. 

Fig. 14 ZK-253 effects on tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer xenograft tumours. Estrogen-dependent MCF-7/TAM tumours were implanted on day 0 into one flank of 70 estrogen-and tamoxifen-supplemented nude mice. After tumours had reached approximately 25 mm in size (after about 22 days), mice were randomised into seven groups (10 mice each) three control groups (control tamoxifen, control vehicle or control ovariectomy without estradiol), and the fom treatment groups (ZK-703, ZK-253, raloxifene or fulves-trant) each at 10 mg/kg subcutaneously daily. Treatment was continued either until the end of the experiment or imtil tumoms reached a median of approximately 100 mm (larger tumours were observed in some mice). The tumours were then removed, snap frozen, and used for analysis of ER levels, a Xenograft tumour growth curves. Data are expressed as medians with interquartile ranges, b ERa levels. Data are expressed as mean with upper 95% Cl...

Wang M, Cartel AL (2011) The suppression of FOXMl and its targets in breast cancer xenograft tumors by siRNA. Oncotarget 2 1218-1226... 

Radiation sensitization with irinotecan in two human lung cancer xenografts has been reported (42). In these experiments, CPT-11 was administered in nontoxic doses 1 h prior to a single dose of irradiation. In other reports radiation sensitization with CPT occurred during or after irradiation (43). 

Pietras RJ, Pegram MD, Finn RS, et al. Remission of human breast cancer xenografts on therapy with humanized monoclonal antibody to HER-2 receptor and DNA-reactive drugs. Oncogene 1998 17 2235-2249. 

D. L. Morse, N. Raghunand, P. Sadarangani, S. Murthi, C. Job, S. Day, C. Howison and R. J. Gillies, Response of choline metabolites to docetaxel therapy is quantified in vivo by localized P MRS of human breast cancer xenografts and in vitro by high-resolution P NMR spectroscopy of cell extracts. Magn. Reson. Med., 2007, 58, 270-280. 

G. R. Silberhumer, K. Zakian, S. Malhotra, P. Brader, M. Gone, J. Koutcher and Y. Fong, Relationship between P metabolites and oncolytic viral therapy sensitivity in human colorectal cancer xenografts. Br. J. Surg., 2009, 96,809-816. 

Ishikawa T, Sekiguchi F, Fukase Y et al. Positive correlation between the efficacy of capecitabine and doxifluridine and the ratio of thymidine phosphorylase to dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activities in tumors in human cancer xenografts. Cancer Res 1998 58 685-690. 

Ma, Y. P. and A. L. Et. 1989. Prediction of responsiveness of human lung cancer xenografts to extracts of Fagopyrum cymosum (Trev) Meisn by SRC assay. Chin. J. Clin. Oncol. 16 309-312. 

Anticancer effect of 9-nitrocamptothecin liposome aerosol on human cancer xenografts in nude mice. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 44 177-186. 

Piccoli R, Olson KA, Vahee BL, Fett JW. 1998. Chimeric anri-angiogenin antibody cAb 26-2F inhibits the formation of human breast cancer xenograft in athymic mice. PNAS USA. 95 4579-4583. 

Garvin S, Ollinger K, Dabrosin C. 2006. Resveratrol induces apoptosis and inhibits angiogenesis in human breast cancer xenografts in vivo. Cancer Lett 231 113-122. 

Kubota T. (1994) Metastatic models of human cancer xenografted in the nude mouse the importance of orthotopic transplantation. J Cell Biochem 56, 4-8. 

The carboxylate metabolite of tasidotin was also studied using in-vitro cell models which showed the metabolite to have pharmacologic activity 10- to 30-fold less potent than the parent tasidotin (IC50 values ranged from 1(T7 M to 10 6 M). When the metabolite was studied in vivo using an MX-1 (breast cancer) xenograft model in mice, the metabolite showed no activity. 

G. Comparison of the Effect of EM-800 and Tamoxifen on the Growth of Tinman Breast Cancer Xenografts in Nude Mice... 

Fig. 23. Time course of the effect of treatment with the pure antiestrogen EM-800 or tamoxifen at the daily oral dose of 50 pg, 150 pg, or 400 pg for 4 months on the average size of ZR-75-1 human breast cancer xenografts in ovariectomized nude mice supplemented with an implant of estrone. The size of tumors at start of treatment was 31.1 0.8 mm2. Ovariectomized mice receiving the vehicle alone were used as additional controls. Results are expressed as percentage of pretreatment values (means + SEM of 28 to 37 tumors per group) (Couillard et al., 1998a).

Since human breast carcinoma xenografts in nude mice provide the closest available model of human breast cancer, we have compared the effect of EM-800 and tamoxifen alone and in combination on the growth of ZR-75-1 breast cancer xenografts in nude mice. 

These data clearly show that under in vivo conditions in nude mice, tamoxifen has a direct stimulatory effect on the growth of human breast cancer xenografts, whereas the novel antiestrogen EM-800 has no stimulatory effect. In fact, 73% of tumors progressed when tamoxifen alone was administered to ovariectomized animals, but no tumor progressed with EM-800. Moreover, in ovariectomized animals supplemented with estrone, EM-800 (150 Llg daily) could completely neutralize the increase... 

Preclinical efficacy studies were performed with both 4D5 and trastuzumab in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer xenograft models. Anti-HER2 mAb treatment produced cytostatic growth inhibition of... 

HER2-overexpressing breast cancer xenografts in vivo (243). Furthermore, trastuzumab enhanced the antitumor efficacy of multiple chemotherapeutic agents, including cisplatin, paclitaxel, and doxorubicin, in animal models (244-246). 

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