Cancer cell proliferation, inhibition

In the laboratory, apples have been found to have very strong antioxidant activity, inhibit cancer cell proliferation, decrease lipid oxidation, and lower cholesterol (Boyer... 

Grube BJ, Eng ET, Yeh CK, Kwon A and Shiuan C. 2001. White button mushroom phytochemicals inhibit aromatase activity and breast cancer cell proliferation. J Nutr 13 3288-3293. 

Kikuchi, Y., Sasa, H., Kita, T., Hirata, J., Tode, T., and Nagata, I. (1991). Inhibition of human ovarian cancer cell proliferation in vitro by ginsenoside Rh2 and adjuvant effects of cisplatin in vivo. Anticancer Drugs 2, 6S-67. 

Drugs that can be used to control tumour cell proliferation inhibit a variety of enzymes, including thymidylate synthase and topoisomerase (Chapter 20). The enzyme aromatase converts a ring in a steroid to an aromatic ring. It converts, for example, adrenal steroid hormones into female sex hormones, which bind to oestrogenic receptors in the ovary or breast and increase the risk of ovarian or breast cancer. Aromatase inhibitors are used to treat patients with breast or ovarian cancers that are sensitive to oestrogen. Unfortunately, none of the inhibitors is specific for enzymes in tumour cells and they can therefore have severe side-effects (Chapter 21). 

Inhibition of cancer cell proliferation by O-ether derivatives of HA. . 628... 

Shaw, T.J., E.J. Keszthelyi, A.M. Tonary, M. Cada, and B.C. Vanderhyden, Cyclic AMP in ovarian cancer cells both inhibits proliferation and increases c-KIT expression. Exp Cell Res, 2002. 273(1) 95-106. 

The proteasome is a ubiquituous enzyme complex that plays a critical role in the degradation of many proteins involved in cell-cycle regulation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Since these pathways are fundamental for cell survival and proliferation, particularly in cancer cells, the inhibition of proteasome is an attractive potential anticancer therapy. The ubiquitin/proteasome pathway is the main nonlysosomal route for degradation and is responsible for the... 

In contrast, enterodiol and enterolactone were believed to be partly responsible for the growth inhibition of three human prostate cancer cell lines (Lin et al., 2001). Morton et al. (1997) reported that higher enterolactone levels in prostatic fluid were associated with populations with a low risk of prostate cancer. In a small clinical study, prostate cancer cell proliferation decreased and apoptosis increased in men fed 30 g of flaxseed per day (Demark-Wahnefried et al., 2001). A significant factor which may have influenced this study was that the subjects were on a low-fat diet. A subsequent study by the authors further supported the role of flaxseed in combination with a low-fat diet as a means to control prostate growth (Demark-Wahnefried et al., 2004). In this study, prostate-specific antigen level and cell proliferation both decreased from baseline after only 6 months on the dietary regime. 

If K+ channels are inhibited, cancer cell proliferation is impaired, whereas if K+ channel activities are enhanced, cancer cell growth is promoted. One exception is quercetin it has been reported to block Kv channels (Rouzaire-Dubois et al. 1993) and to activate BKca as well (Cogolludo et al. 2007 Kuhlmann et al. 2005). Pharmacological tools opened the way toward the understanding of the role of K+ channels in cell proliferation... 

EGF-RTK [antibacterial, antifungal, oestrogenic inhibits EST-R positive breast cancer cell proliferation] EGF-RTK (19) (uncoupler)... 

AROM, HISK, 17PHSOR, lipase, peroxidase, PK) [phytooestrogen inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation, antifungal, oestrogenic]... 

Research on prunes or their polyphenol extracts has documented the ability to inhibit inflammatory mechanisms and cancer cell proliferation. As with other superfruits, this type of polyphenol research emphasizes the potential of using these fruits as dietary aids for lowering disease risk. 

De Petrocellis L, Melck D, Palmisano A, Bisogno T, Laezza C, Bifulco M, Di Marzo V (1998) The endogenous cannabinoid anandamide inhibits human breast cancer cell proliferation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95 8375-8380... 

Paruthiyil, S., Parmar, H., Kerekatte, V., Cunha, G.R., Firestone, G.L. and Leitman, D.C. (2004) Estrogen receptor p inhibits human breast cancer cell proliferation and tumor formation by causing a G2 cell cycle arrest. Cancer Research, 64, 423-428. 

Lin, J. K., Chen, Y. W., and Lin-Shiau, S. Y. 2006. Inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation by theaflavins from black tea through suppressing proteasomal activities. Proc. AACR 47 538-39. 

Arachidonic acid metabolites have received tremendous attention for their role in carcinogenesis. A link among the enzymes, metabolites, and receptors involved in the Cox and Lox pathways has been established to inflammation and a variety of cancers. Aberrant arachidonic acid metabolism has been shown to play a major role in the development and progression of several cancers. Both the Cox and Lox pathways have been linked to cell proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, and promotion of angiogenesis. In addition, several clinical, in vitro, and in vivo studies have been conducted to demonstrate the chemopreventive activity of several Cox-2 and 5-Lox inhibitors on several models of cancer. - ... 

Inhibition of Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation by Theaflavins and Epigallocatechin 3-gallate through Suppressing Proteasomal Activities... 

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