Cancer and nitric oxide

Sakata K, Hirose Y, Qiao Z, Tanaka T and Mori H. 2003. Inhibition of inducible isoforms of cyclooxygenase and nitric oxide synthase by flavonoid hesperidin in mouse macrophage cell line. Cancer Lett 199(2)439-145. 

Bastian, N. R., Yim, C.-Y., Hibbs, J. B., and Samlowski, W. E. (1994). Induction of iron-derived epr signals in murine cancers by nitric oxide—Evidence for multiple intracellular targets. . Biol. Chem. 269, 5127-5131. 

Finally, the release of inflammatory mediators, cytokines, and nitric oxide associated with bacterial or viral infections, cancer, or inflammation are known to impair drug metabolism by inactivating P450s and enhancing their degradation. 

Prostaglandins (PG) and nitric oxide (NO) produced by inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), respectively, have been implicated as important mediators in the processes of inflammation and carcinogenesis. Potential COX-2 and iNOS inhibitors have been considered as anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive agents [25]. 

Park SH, Aust AE. 1998. Participation of iron and nitric oxide in the mutagenicity of asbestos in hgprt-, gpt+ Chinese hamster V79 cells. Cancer Res 58 1144-1148. 

S. p. Arbault, N. Sojic, D. Bmce, C. Amatore, A. Sarasin and M. Vuillaume, Oxidative stress in cancer prone xeroderma pigmentosum fibroblasts. Realtime and single cell monitoring of superoxide and nitric oxide production with microelectrodes. Carcinogenesis an information retrieval publication, 25(4), 509-515 (2004). 

ROS such as hydroxyl radical and nitric oxide can induce pores in the mitochondria leading to cytochrome c release and eventually apoptosis. Nitric oxide has been shown to produce conflicting effects on apoptosis. In certain cells it has been shown to inhibit apoptosis, while in others it has been shown to induce the same (such as cancer, epithelial, and endothelial cells). This inhibitory effect has been attributed to the capacity of nitrate to nitrosylate caspases and possibly inactivate them or to increase intracellular glutathione levels. ... 

The major oxidative or nitrosative stress in tumours probably arises from infiltrating macrophages, which can produce both superoxide and nitric oxide radicals [38,39] via an NADPH-oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) respectively. NOS activity is elevated in some common tumours compared to adjacent, normal tissue [40,41], and the implications of nitric oxide production in cancer therapy have been reviewed [42,43]. (NOS is a flavoprotein which can also reduce oxygen to superoxide if the normal substrate (L-arginine) is depleted [44].)... 

Wu J, Akaike T, Maeda H. Modulation of enhanced vascular permeability in tumors by a bradykinin antagonist, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and nitric oxide scavenger. Cancer Rei 1998 58 159-165. 

Maeda H, Noguchi Y, Sato K, Akaike T. Enhanced vascular permeability in solid tumor is mediated by nitric oxide and inhibited by both new nitric oxide scavenger and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Jpn J Cancer Res 1994 85 331-334. 

Photoactivation of fluorescence with good contrast ratio and brightness for cellular imaging applications was achieved. The introduction of fluorophore-photochrome dyads and nitric oxide donor within the same carrier allowed to implement the light-controlled activation of both fluorescence and NO release in parallel in cells. Indeed these supramo-lecular assemblies crossed the membrane of human melanoma cancer cells and transported their cargo in the cytosol. The fluorescence of one... 

Chapter 4 presents the recent advances in antibodies research and their applications for immunosensor development. Electrochemical immunosensors for metaUoproteins, nonmetaUoproteins, and cancer cells using their specific antibodies are emphasized. In Chapter 5, the essential components for the development ofbiosensors instrumentation are discussed. Virtual electrochemical instrumentation development using labVIEW is presented. Also, hand held microcontroUer-based electrochemical biosensors are assembled and applied for the measurement of various biomarkers including cytochrome c and nitric oxide metabohtes. These chapters provide the essential background knowledge and up-to-date advances in this field. The book should thus serve as an introductory text for those who intend to specialize in either the theoretical or practical apphcations. It is hoped that this textbook will be a fruitful launch pad for many careers in biosensors and bioelectronics. 

Jenkins, D.C., Charles, I.G., Baylis, S.A., Lelchuk, R., Radomski, M.W., Moncada. S. (1994). Human colon cancer cell lines show a diverse pattern of nitric oxide synthase gene expression and nitric oxide generation. Br. J. Cancer 70, 847-849. 

Ambs, S., Bennett, W.R, Merriam, W.G., Ogunfusika, M.O., Oser, S.M., Khan, M.A., Jones, R.T., and Harris, C.C. (1998b). Vascular endothelial growth factor and nitric oxide synthase expression in human lung cancer and the relation to p53. Br. J. Cancer 78(2), 233-239. 

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